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The objects that a program can access directly are those objects which are referenced by local vari-ables on the processor stack, or by any global/static variables that refer to objects, or by variables in CPU registers. In the context of garbage collection, these variables are called the roots. An object is indirectly accessible if it is referenced by a ?eld in some other (directly or indirectly) accessible object. An accessible object is said to be live. Conversely, an object which is not live is garbage.
Note that heap objects which are live are indirectly accessible from the roots or other heap objects. The idea of mark-sweep is relatively straightforward. We start at the roots, and recursively visit every object accessible through pointers, marking them as live. At the end of the process, every thing not marked is considered garbage and will be deleted. Notice that mark-sweep can perform lazy garbage collection, in the sense that it does not necessarily need to remove the garbage immediately.
Note thatmark-sweep does not clean upmemory which is allocated, but simply never used. Also, periodically we have to visit all objects recursively, starting from the roots. For a large program, this will be slow. This is a problem with the traditional mark-sweep algorithm.
DESCRIBE OPERATING SYSTEM
A scheduler that selects processes from secondary storage device is known as Medium term scheduler is a scheduler that selects processes from secondary stor
a) The barber shop has one barber, one barber chair, and n chairs for waiting customers, to sit on. If there are no customers present, the barber sits down in the barber chair and
Logical File System Responsible for providing the before discussed interface to the user including: File access. Directory operations. Security and protection.
The term ‘page traffic’ explains Page traffic’ explains the movement of pages in and out of memory.
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Define Latency plus seek time The total time to arrange a disk drive mechanism for a block of data to be read from is its Latency plus seeks time
How can an index file be used to speed up the access in direct-access files? Have an index in memory; the index gives the key and the disk location of its corresponding record.
Explain fixed partitioning. Partitioning are the simpler techniques that don't involve virtual memory. Partitioning has been used in numerous variations in operating systems.
What is the resident set and working set of a process? Resident set is that portion of the process image that is actually in real-memory at a certain instant. Working set is th
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