Magnetic alloy steels, Mechanical Engineering

Assignment Help:

Magnetic Alloy Steels:

These steels are divided into two sets. Such which retain their magnetism and that which do not. The steels which retain their magnetism are termed as hard magnetic steels. The other group is magnetically soft.

1 percent plain carbon steel in its entirely hardened situation was the earliest permanent magnetic material. Later improvements occurred whilst W, Cr and cobalt were added like alloying elements. The most helpful of permanent magnetic steels contain high proportions of Nickel, Co, and Al, along with small amount of W. Alnico is an excellent example that comprises 10% Al, 18% Nickel, 12% Co, 6% Copper, Rest Fe.

Magnetically soft materials are needed to demagnetise rapidly. In prior days soft iron was utilized as a soft magnetic material but later iron-silicon alloys containing upto 4.5 percent Si were improved. Though, modern high duty soft magnetic materials are iron-nickel alloys as like: Permalloy that contains 78 percent Ni. Another soft magnetic material is mumetal having 75% Ni. These alloys are employed for transformer cores and as shield material for submarine cables.

Alloy steels calculate a wide range of application and a few of them are explained in Table.

Table: Application of Alloy Steels

Sl. No.

Application

Desired Properties

Composition (% )

1

Rail steel

Strength, ductility, impact and fatigue strength

C - 0.4 to 0.6 Mn and

Cr - upto 1

2

Spring steel (tension compression, torsion)

Good elongation high elastic limit (20 to 30%, 1200-1400 MPa). Good surface finish for fatigue strength

(a) C - 0.6, Mn - 0.9, Si - 2.0

(b) C - 0.5, Mn - 0.8, Cr - 1.0, V - 0.15

(c) C - 0.5, Ni - 0.9, Cr - 0.5, Ni - 0.6, Mo - 0.2

3

Structural steel (bridges, building, cars, gears, clutches, shafts)

High strength, toughness, high temperature strength, corrosion resistance

Wide range of alloy steels containing several alloying elements

4

Weldable steel for welded structures

Weldability, high resistance to atmospheric corrosion, resistance to brittle fracture

C - 0.15 to 0.3 with some

Cu and V

5

Concrete reinforcing steel

Bend 90o - 180o, tor-steel with ribs for greater surface area.

Elongation = 16%, UTS = 500-650 MPa, Y. S. = 35 MPa.

Elongation = 13%,

UTS = 600 MPa, Y. S. = 350 MPa

C - 0.3 to 0.4, Mn - 0.5 to 0.8

 

 

C - 0.45 to 0.6, Mn - 0.7 to 1.1

6

High speed steel for cutting tools

Resist temperature upto

550-600oC. Cutting tools requiring high hardness at working temperature 18 : 4 : 1 steel and

6 : 5 : 4 : 2 steel

C - 0.8, W - 18, Cr - 4, V - 1,

C - 0.8, W - 6,

Mo - 5, Cr - 4, V - 2

7

Creep resisting steel

Application in pipelines upto

400-550oC. Other parts upto

550oC

Mo - 0.4 to 6

V - 0.25 to 1.0

Cr - upto 6.0, C - low

8

Hadfield Mn steel, excavating and crushing m/c. rail road crossing, oil well, cement, mining industries. Used as casting and hot rolled

Resistance to abrasion and shock, high toughness strength and ductility

C - 1 to 1.4,

Si - 0.3 to 1.0, Mn - 10 to 14

9

High strength low alloy steel (HSLA) for automotive parts

High strength/weight ratio. Balanced properties such as toughness, fatigue strength, weldability and formability

C - 0.07 to 1.3, Ti, V, Al, Co less than 0.5

10

Ball bearing steel

Rolling element, inner and outer races. High hardness

61-65 Rc high fatigue strength

C - 0.9 to 1.1, Cr - 0.6 to 1.6, Mn - 0.2 to 0.4


Related Discussions:- Magnetic alloy steels

Thermodynamics, what are causes of hotness of a body?

what are causes of hotness of a body?

Converying system, impact force equation of ship to jetty?

impact force equation of ship to jetty?

Open system - thermodynamics system, Open system The system that excha...

Open system The system that exchange both the mass and energy (or Heat and work) with the surrounding of it. The mass within the system is necessarily constant. The nature of

Compute minimum value of the horizontal force, Compute minimum value of the...

Compute minimum value of the horizontal force: Block A of weight 520N rest on horizontal top of block B having weight of 700N as shown in the figure given below. Block A

Layout of vessels in plant design, Q. Layout of vessels in plant design? ...

Q. Layout of vessels in plant design? Layout of vessels needs to allow sufficient spacing for instruments, piping, operations, maintenance and firefighting access. Vessels o

Describe the terms refrigeration and air-conditioning, (a) Describe the ter...

(a) Describe the terms "Refrigeration" and "Air-conditioning". Determine the units of Refrigeration ? (b) The capacity of refrigeration is 400 TR when working between -6 o C and

Matlab question please help me, The salary calculation method for employees...

The salary calculation method for employees of a company is as follows: (1) If the number of working hours exceeds 120 hours, an additional 15% will be issued for the excess part;

Determine the rate of heat removal - mechanics, Determine the rate of heat ...

Determine the rate of heat removal: Carbon dioxide passing through heat exchanger at rate of 100kg/hr is cooled down from  800 0 C to 50 0 C . Write down the steady flo

Explain soft or flexible automation, Explain Soft or Flexible Automation? ...

Explain Soft or Flexible Automation? This system uses tape, a hand-held control box, microprocessors, programmable logic controllers or computers. The system can be reprogramme

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd