Magnetic alloy steels, Mechanical Engineering

Assignment Help:

Magnetic Alloy Steels:

These steels are divided into two sets. Such which retain their magnetism and that which do not. The steels which retain their magnetism are termed as hard magnetic steels. The other group is magnetically soft.

1 percent plain carbon steel in its entirely hardened situation was the earliest permanent magnetic material. Later improvements occurred whilst W, Cr and cobalt were added like alloying elements. The most helpful of permanent magnetic steels contain high proportions of Nickel, Co, and Al, along with small amount of W. Alnico is an excellent example that comprises 10% Al, 18% Nickel, 12% Co, 6% Copper, Rest Fe.

Magnetically soft materials are needed to demagnetise rapidly. In prior days soft iron was utilized as a soft magnetic material but later iron-silicon alloys containing upto 4.5 percent Si were improved. Though, modern high duty soft magnetic materials are iron-nickel alloys as like: Permalloy that contains 78 percent Ni. Another soft magnetic material is mumetal having 75% Ni. These alloys are employed for transformer cores and as shield material for submarine cables.

Alloy steels calculate a wide range of application and a few of them are explained in Table.

Table: Application of Alloy Steels

Sl. No.

Application

Desired Properties

Composition (% )

1

Rail steel

Strength, ductility, impact and fatigue strength

C - 0.4 to 0.6 Mn and

Cr - upto 1

2

Spring steel (tension compression, torsion)

Good elongation high elastic limit (20 to 30%, 1200-1400 MPa). Good surface finish for fatigue strength

(a) C - 0.6, Mn - 0.9, Si - 2.0

(b) C - 0.5, Mn - 0.8, Cr - 1.0, V - 0.15

(c) C - 0.5, Ni - 0.9, Cr - 0.5, Ni - 0.6, Mo - 0.2

3

Structural steel (bridges, building, cars, gears, clutches, shafts)

High strength, toughness, high temperature strength, corrosion resistance

Wide range of alloy steels containing several alloying elements

4

Weldable steel for welded structures

Weldability, high resistance to atmospheric corrosion, resistance to brittle fracture

C - 0.15 to 0.3 with some

Cu and V

5

Concrete reinforcing steel

Bend 90o - 180o, tor-steel with ribs for greater surface area.

Elongation = 16%, UTS = 500-650 MPa, Y. S. = 35 MPa.

Elongation = 13%,

UTS = 600 MPa, Y. S. = 350 MPa

C - 0.3 to 0.4, Mn - 0.5 to 0.8

 

 

C - 0.45 to 0.6, Mn - 0.7 to 1.1

6

High speed steel for cutting tools

Resist temperature upto

550-600oC. Cutting tools requiring high hardness at working temperature 18 : 4 : 1 steel and

6 : 5 : 4 : 2 steel

C - 0.8, W - 18, Cr - 4, V - 1,

C - 0.8, W - 6,

Mo - 5, Cr - 4, V - 2

7

Creep resisting steel

Application in pipelines upto

400-550oC. Other parts upto

550oC

Mo - 0.4 to 6

V - 0.25 to 1.0

Cr - upto 6.0, C - low

8

Hadfield Mn steel, excavating and crushing m/c. rail road crossing, oil well, cement, mining industries. Used as casting and hot rolled

Resistance to abrasion and shock, high toughness strength and ductility

C - 1 to 1.4,

Si - 0.3 to 1.0, Mn - 10 to 14

9

High strength low alloy steel (HSLA) for automotive parts

High strength/weight ratio. Balanced properties such as toughness, fatigue strength, weldability and formability

C - 0.07 to 1.3, Ti, V, Al, Co less than 0.5

10

Ball bearing steel

Rolling element, inner and outer races. High hardness

61-65 Rc high fatigue strength

C - 0.9 to 1.1, Cr - 0.6 to 1.6, Mn - 0.2 to 0.4


Related Discussions:- Magnetic alloy steels

Bolt stress to seat the gasket, Q. Bolt Stress to Seat the Gasket? The ...

Q. Bolt Stress to Seat the Gasket? The required bolt stress to seat the gasket can be calculated, using the recommended gasket seating stress provided by the manufacturer in ac

Fluid mechanics, What is differential approach (differential formulation) i...

What is differential approach (differential formulation) in fluid mechanics? What are velocity and acceleration fields, give examples. Find, study and write down the differential f

Define economics order quantity, a) Define Economics Order Quantity. Derive...

a) Define Economics Order Quantity. Derive, using neat diagram, the mathematical formula for economic order quantity. b) The purchase manager of an industrial unit is placing on

Incompletely constrained motion-kinematic chain, Incompletely Constrained M...

Incompletely Constrained Motion: While a connection among the elements, building a pair is such that the constrained motion is not done by itself, but by some other means. Such a

Define corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys, Q. Define corrosion-resista...

Q. Define corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys? The corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys offer a significant improvement in corrosion resistance to sulphuric acid over th

Metals and Melting practices - alloy, Metals and Melting Practices - Alloy,...

Metals and Melting Practices - Alloy,Blowing,Carbon Monoxide Normal 0 false false false EN-IN X-NONE X-NONE Microsoft

Laws of solid friction, Laws of solid friction: Sol.: The friction w...

Laws of solid friction: Sol.: The friction which exists between two surfaces that are not lubricated is called as solid friction. The two Surfaces can be at rest or one of t

Refractoriness, Refractoriness The capability of a material to withstan...

Refractoriness The capability of a material to withstand the action of heat devoid of appreciable deformation of softening is submitted to as refractoriness. Such property is m

What are the major characteristics of h.s.s. tool, If Taylor's tool life co...

If Taylor's tool life constants for a provided operation are specified of n = 0.5 and c = 400, what is the percentage increase in tool life when the cutting speed is reduced by hal

Illustrate types of pipe racks, Q. Illustrate types of pipe racks? The ...

Q. Illustrate types of pipe racks? The following types of pipe racks may be required: • Interconnecting pipe rack (elevated). • Unit pipe rack (elevated). • Pipe ra

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd