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Isolation or Independence: The isolation property shows that the updates of a transaction should not be visible till they are committed. Isolation assurance that the progresses of other transactions do not affect the outcome of this transaction. For instance, if another transaction that is a withdrawal transaction which withdraws an amount of Rs. 5000 from X account is in progress, While commits or fails, should not affect the outcome of this transaction. Only the state that has been study by the transaction last should verify the outcome of this transaction.
List the Armstrong's axioms for functional dependencies. What do you understand by soundness and completeness of these axioms? Ans: The Armstrong's axioms are: F1:
how to write tables and drow E-R diagrams for hosiptal management system and how to normalize and cardinalities?
What are the ways in which the variable-length records arise in database systems? Storage of many record types in a file. Record types that permit variable lengths for one o
Draw an ER diagram for company''s database schema
What are the properties in a relation ? In a relation Ordering of rows is immaterial and No two rows are identical.
How is the database organised in Oracle? Database organized within Oracle in terms of table and table holds attributes and values. A database consists of one or more logical
construct a b-tree for the following set of key values 2,3,5,7,11,17,19,23,29,31.assume that the tree is initial empty and the values are added in ascending order
what is cascading? what is rollback cascading? please explain in detail
Explain outer join? Outer Join - If there are any values in one table which do not have corresponding value(s) in the other, in an equi-join which will not be chosen. Such ro
Fifth Normal Form (5NF) These relations still have a difficulty. While defining the 4NF we mentioned that all the attributes depend upon each other. Whereas creating the two ta
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