Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
After going through details of device interfaces next point to be discussed is how the interface can be used to support I/O from devices. Binary information received from an external device is generally stored in memory for later processing. Information transferred from central computer in an external device initiates in memory unit. Data transfer between central computer and I/O devices can be handled in some modes. 3 techniques are possible for I/O operation. These are:
Figure below gives an general idea of these 3 techniques:
Figure: Overview of the three Input/ Output
In programmed I/O, I/O operations are fully controlled by processor. The processor executes a program which initiates, directs and terminate an I/O operation. It needs a little special I/O hardware however is quite time consuming for processor as processor has to wait for slower I/O operations to finish.
With interrupt driven I/O when interface decides that device is ready for data transfer it produces an interrupt request to the computer. Upon detecting external interrupt signal processor stops the task it was processing and branches to a service program to process I/O transfer and then returns to task it was initially performing that result in waiting time by the processor being reduced.
With both interrupt-driven and programmed I/O processor is responsible for extracting data from main memory for output and storing data in main memory during input. What about having a substitute where I/O device may directly store data or retrieve data from memory? This alternative is called direct memory access (DMA). In this mode I/O interface and main memory exchange data directly without involvement of processor.
Figure: Three techniques of I/O
solve the primal problem using duality and determine the primal and dual solution P= 300x1 + 300x2 S.T. 2x1 + 3x2 => 13 3x1 = 2x2 => 15 x1,x2 => 0
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to kept BIOS settings. It was traditionally known as CMOS RAM because it used a volatile, low-power
Q. Concurrently read concurrently write? It is one of the models derived from PRAM. In this model the processors access the memory locations simultaneously for reading and writ
Set up a standard population model structure. The population will begin with 24 people. We do not have actual data to support a birth rate, but we could calculate a reasona
Your task is to implement a memory manager that manages page reads and writes from multiple client threads. In the first programming task the memory manager keeps all the pages in
voltage,current and power relation in a delta connection
Fully Parallel Associative Processor (FPAP): This processor accepts the bit parallel memory organisation. FPAP has two type of this associative processor named as: Word Org
The 16 keys (4x4 matrixes) keypads diagram is shown in figure 4 above. Let see how the keypad is connected. Each square of the alphanumeric has to be pushed to make a switch or con
Reduce the following equation using k-map Y = BC‾D‾ + A‾BC‾D + ABC‾D + A‾BCD + ABCD Ans. Multiplying the first term with (A+A') Y = A'BC'D' + ABC'D' + A'BC'D + ABC'D + A'BCD +
How does VB.NET/C# achieve polymorphism? VB.Net / C# give polymorphism through the following mechanisms: 1. Inheritance - base class gives overridable methods which are re-
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd