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Q. Illustrate about FAT structure?
DOS file system maintains a table of pointers known as FAT (File allocation table) that comprises an array of 16-bit values. There is one entry in FAT for every cluster in file area which implies that every entry of FAT (except the two) keeps up a correspondence to one cluster of disk space. If value in the FAT entry does not mark an unused, reserved or defective cluster then cluster corresponding to FAT entry is part of a file and value in FAT entry would signify the next cluster in file.
First two entries (0 and 1) in FAT are reserved for use by operating system. Thus cluster number 2 corresponds to first cluster in data space of disk. Before any data being written on to disk FAT entries are all set to zero denoting a 'free' cluster. FAT chain for a file ends with hexadecimal value it implies that FFFF. FAT structure can be displayed as in Figure below.
Figure: FAT structure
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