How does the system cope up with a record crash, Database Management System

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How does the system cope up with a record crash when recovery is going on after the first crash?

Ans:  In a system the undo and redo operations are needed to be idempotent to cope up with a record crash while recovery is going on after the crash. Because of the idempotent property, recovery process, whereas in the process of undoing or redoing the actions of a transaction, may fail without a trace, and this kind of failure can take place any number of times before the recovery is done successfully.


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