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How are tables stored on Disk?
We realise that every record of a table can have different amounts of data. This is due to in some records; some attribute values may be "zero". Or, some attributes might be of type varchar (), and thus each record may have a dissimilar length string as the value of this attribute. Thus, the record is stored with each subsequent attribute splitted by the next by a special ASCII character known as a field separator. Of course, in every block, we may place several records. Every record is separated from the next, again by another special ASCII character known as the record separator.
It defines that no primary key value can be null. This is as the primary key is used to recognize individual tuple in the relation. So we will not be able to recognize the records
Define single valued and multivalued attributes. Single valued attributes: attributes with a single value for a particular entity are known as single valued attributes. M
Explain hash file organization? Hash functions a) The distribution is uniform Hash functions assign each bucket the similar number of search -key values from the set of a
Define tuple variable? Tuple variables are used for comparing two tuples in the same relation. The tuple variables are explained in the from clause by way of the as clause.
1. Use the Invoice table structure shown below to answer the following questions: a) Draw the dependency diagram and identify the primary key and all dependencies, including al
What is OCR? OCR (Optical Character Recognition) is a technology that enables you to change different types of machine-readable documents, like scanned paper documents, PDF fil
What is difference between primary index and secondary index? Primary Index a) It is an ordered file whose records are of fixed length along with two fields. b) Only base
Explain the Object-oriented decomposition Object-oriented decomposition targets at identifying individual sovereign objects that encapsulate both a state and certain behavio
What is a query tree? Ans: A query tree, as well known as operator graph, is a tree data structure that corresponds to a relational algebra expression. It denotes the inpu
What is meant by normalization of data? It is a process of examining the given relation schemas based on their Functional Dependencies (FDs) and primary key to achieve the prop
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