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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
Write a short note on Memory management. Memory management includes reallocating and allocating the memory space. The kinds of allocation of memory FIXED PARTITIONING
At the end of this lecture, and into the next lecture, we will discuss the last major type of logical error that can occurwhen programming with threads. A deadlock occurswhen two t
Acyclic-graph directories An acyclic graph permits directories to have shared subdirectories and files. The similar file or subdirectory may be in two dissimilar directories. A
Question : a) Consider table 1.0 below, assume the processes arrived in the order P 1 , P 2 , P 3 , P 4 at time shown and need the indicated burst time (both in milliseconds)
List the various file attributes. A file has particular other attributes, which vary from one operating system to another, but typically having of these: Name, identifier, typ
Write a note on semaphores A semaphore is a tool meant for synchronizing multiple processes trying to access a shared variable. That is a semaphore is used to deal with the cri
What are a safe state and an unsafe state? Answer: A state is safe if the system can allocate resources to every process in some order and still avoid a deadlock. A system is
Q. What are three benefits of dynamic (shared) linkage of libraries compared to static linkage? What are two situations where static linkage is preferable? Answer: The
How can deadlocks be represented? Deadlocks are able to be described in terms of a directed graph called as a system resource-allocation graph. This graph contains of the foll
Gopher Gallery consists of a shopping mall and a cart ride that covers the 150 acre habitat. There are m visitors and n single-person vehicles. Visitors stroll around the mall at
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