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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
What are the different ways in which a thread can be cancelled? Cancellation of a target thread may happen in two different scenarios: Asynchronous cancellation: One thr
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Describe the internal layout of the file system in windows 2000. The basic entity in NTFS is a volume and a volume is created by the Windows 2000 disk administrator utility and
What is super block A partition control block have partitions details, such as the number of blocks in the partition, size of the blocks, free-blocks and free-block pointers an
Briefly discuss on page replacement? Page replacement approach is fixed as follows. If no frame is free, we search one that is not presently being used and free it. We can fre
What are the methods for handling deadlocks? The deadlock problem can be dealt with in one of the three ways: a. Use a protocol to prevent or avoid deadlocks, ensuring that
When programming with threads, there are three very common mistakes that programmers often make: 1. locking twice (depending on the system and type of lock, can cause crashes, h
How is memory management done using linked lists? Each one node of the l list will have 4 fields as follows 1-this tells whether it s a hole or a process 2-starting ad
What is an effector process? The effector process is a method that verifies itself.The effector process exists in particular criteria.
Explain working of the logical file system The logical file system manages metadata information. Metadata contains all of the file-system structure, excluding actual data. It h
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