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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
summary of what operating system do
Unix process API The two most important function calls to use when programming with several processes are fork and exec: fork() creates a copy of current process. It gives
Q. Provide two programming instances in which multithreading provides better performance than a single-threaded solution. Answer: (1) A Web server that services every request
What is an acyclic graph? A tree that has been corrupted by links to other branches, but does not have any cyclic paths in it.
Examining the write/cycles as shown below We can see that the bus is designed for asynchronous read/write cycles. The operation of the write cycle is simple in that the add
Q. Several CPU-scheduling algorithms are parameterized for instance the RR algorithm requires a parameter to indicate the time slice. Multilevel response queues require parameters
Explain about disk scheduling with neat diagram? FCFS Scheduling SCAN scheduling C-SCAN scheduling SSTF scheduling LOOK Scheduling
Determine an imperative statement Imperative statement points out an action to be carried out during execution of assembled program
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Explain the concept of Reentrancy? It is a useful, memory-saving method for multiprogrammed timesharing systems. A Reentrant Procedure is one in which many users can share a si
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