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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
Process states in Linux OS Running: Process is either ready to run or running Interruptible: a Blocked part of a process and waiting for a signal or an event from anothe
Relative file organization A relative file is an array of fixed-length slots and the records can be inserted in the first free slot found from the beginning of the file and
Q. Explain about Time Sharing Systems? Time Sharing Systems Multi-programmed batched systems provide an environment where various system resources (for illustration CP
Paging: Only the needed memory pages are moved to main memory from the swap machine for execution. Process size does not matter. Produce the concept of the virtual memory. It
Question: a) Each process is represented in the operating system by a process control block (PCB). The PCB contains many pieces of information associated with a specific proce
Question: (a) The following table (table 1.0) gives the length of the CPU burst time in milliseconds of processes P 1 to P 4 . Assume the processes arrived in the order P 1 ,
how response times are reduced by allowing time sharing on top of multiprogramming
Concept of Reentrancy It is a useful, memory-saving method for multiprogrammed timesharing machines. A Reentrant method is one in which multiple clients can share a singl
Perform alpha-beta pruning on the following tree. Put an "X" over each node that is pruned. Put the final value next to all other nodes. Indicate which action MAX should take: to B
What are batch systems? Early computers were physically huge machines run from a console. The general input devices were card readers and tape drivers. The common output device
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