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The dynamic memory allocator is a layer between the application and the OS, managing heap objects. When a program requests memory from the allocator (via malloc(), for instance), the allocator will return a pointer (or reference) to a piece of memory of the appropriate size. When the program is done with the memory, the memory should be released back to the allocator. Languages such as C and C++ leave this job to the programmer to perform manually, for example by using free(). On the other hand, languages such as Java, python, etc automatically manage dynamically-allocated memory, which makes the programmer's life easier, and can eliminate entire classes of memory management bugs.
Although using free() and delete is relatively simple, it can be tricky to get them right. A signi?cant fraction of bugs in C and C++ programs are related to manual memory management. If we forget to free objects, we end up with memory leaks; if we free memory too soon, we end up with "dangling pointers"; also, we can try to do weird things, like performing double frees, etc. Therefore, a process that manages memory automatically is clearly useful. The most important concept for correctly implementing a garbage collector is that of live objects: a live object is any object that can still be reached through one (or more) pointers.
What is graceful degradation? In multiprocessor systems, failure of single processor will not halt the system, but only slow it down by sharing the work of failure system by ot
Define the Jobs which are admitted to the system for processing is called The Jobs which are admitted to the system for processing is known as long-term scheduling.
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LRU evicts the page which was last accessed the farthest into the past of any page resident in physical memory, i.e. the least-recently used page. LRU approximates OPT when the rec
What are the various disk-scheduling algorithms? The several disk-scheduling algorithms are a. First Come First Served Scheduling b. Shortest Seek Time First Scheduling
1. How is reliability enhanced with the microkernel approach to system design? 2. In a virtual machine design where guest operating systems are independent virtual machines sup
A practical task specified in the Study Guide, Computer architecture, was to record your computer's specifications. Submit the data you recorded, which will contain the following d
What are the different ways in which a thread can be cancelled? Cancellation of a target thread may happen in two different scenarios: Asynchronous cancellation: One thr
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