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Find out change in length of circular bar of uniform taper
Sol.: The stress at any cross section can be found by dividing load by area of cross section and extension can be found by integrating extensions of small length over whole length of the bar. We shall consider following cases of variable cross section:
Consider circular bar which tapers uniformly from diameter d1 at bigger end to diameter d2 at smaller end, and subjected to axial tensile load P as shown in figure given below.
Let us consider small strip of length dx at distance x from the bigger end.
Diameter of elementary strip:
dx = d1 - [(d1 - d2)x]/L
= d1 - kx; where k = (d1 - d2)/L
The cross sectional area of strip,
Stress in the strip,
Strain in strip
Elongation of strip
The total elongation of tapering bar can be worked out by integrating above expression between limits x = 0 to x = L
BY putting the value of k = (d1 - d2) /l in above expression, we obtain If the bar is of uniform diameter d throughout the length of it, then δL = 4.P.L/(Π.E.d2)
= P.L/[(Πd2/4).E] = P.l/A.E.
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