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The structures of files vary from operating system to operating system. In this unit, we will discuss the fundamentals of file structures with the generic file organisations.
A file may be described as a collection of records. Though, a text file doesn't conform to this definition at the first glance, it is also a set of records and records are words in the file.
Let a file consisting of information regarding students. We may name such a file as Student file. The typical records of such file are illustrated in Figure
Enum
Name
Ph no
Country
Programme
012786345
John
999896708965
USA
BCA
98387123
mandy
99997854775
MCA
Figure: Typical records of a Student file
A file should always be stored in such a way that the fundamental operations on it can be performed easily. In other terms, queries must be able to be executed without much hassle. We target, in this unit, on the ways of storing the files on external storage devices. Selection of a specific way of storing the file on the device based on factors such as retrieval records, the way the queries can be put onto the file, the total number of keys in each of record etc.
After learning this unit, you must be able to
We have discussed that the above Dijkstra's single source shortest-path algorithm works for graphs along with non-negative edges (like road networks). Given two scenarios can emerg
Program: Creation of a linked list In the next example, wewill look to the process of addition of new nodes to the list with the function create_list(). #include #includ
null(nil) = true // nil refer for empty tree null(fork(e, T, T'))= false // e : element , T and T are two sub tree leaf(fork(e, nil, nil)) = true leaf(
The complexity Ladder: T(n) = O(1). It is called constant growth. T(n) does not raise at all as a function of n, it is a constant. For illustration, array access has this c
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Binary Search Tree usage: Write a program to compare the time taken for a search in a skewed tree, a balanced tree, and a random tree. Specically, your program should do the
Question 1 Write the different characteristics of an algorithm Question 2 Explain in brief the asymptotic notations Question 3 Write an algorithm of insertion sort and e
The fundamental element of linked list is a "record" structure of at least two fields. The object which holds the data & refers to the next element into the list is called a node .
Simplifying Assumptions of wire frame representation Neglect colour - consider Intensity: For now we shall forget about colour and restrict our discussion just to the intensi
how to write a code for for a company , for calculate the salary pay
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