Q. Explain working of Tubesheets?

The tube and tube pitch selected shall be approved by WorleyParsons Canada. The preferred tube pitch shall be a minimum of 1.3 x tube OD and patterns shall be selected by fabricator with WorleyParsons Canada approval.

The tube inlets and tubesheet shall be protected from overheating and hot spots be refractory lined and ceramic tube inlet ferrules inserted as required. The ferrules to the tubes shall have smooth transitions to prevent discontinuity of boundary layers and turbulences. The inlet vena contracta must be entirely inside the ferrules. Ferrules shall not contact the tubes. Clearances are required for insulation and flexibility. Additional insulation may be obtained by wrapping with ceramic fiber papers.