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Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?
You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
Vaccinia-like disease Smallpox caused by variola virus (VARV) has successfully been eradicated in the last quarter of the 20th century. However, vaccinia like viruses (VLVs) , viz.
Endocytosis is the uptake of extracellular macromolecules across the plasma membrane into the cell. The objects to be ingested is progressively enclosed by a small portion of
Adaptive radiation: The growth of a variety of species from the single ancestral form; occurs when a new habitat becomes accessible to a population. The evolutionary pattern of di
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CHLAMYDIOSIS Amongst various causes of morbidity and mortality chlamydiosis is recognized as one of the important infectious conditions and emerging as threat to the livestock due
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What are the grasslands of North America and of South America respectively called? The steppe grasslands of North America are known as prairies. The grasslands of South America
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describe the agar shake tube method
Q. with no saturation of transport proteins and under the same concentration gradient how can the speed of simple diffusion is compared to the speed of facilitated diffusion? T
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