Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Natural control of population growth, N A TURA L CONTROL OF POPULATION G...

N A TURA L CONTROL OF POPULATION GROWTH - 1 .       Biotic potential - It is capacity of population to increase its number by reproduction. For all animals, it is v

Determine what is the most significant step, Analyze the similarities and d...

Analyze the similarities and differences between chemosynthesis and photosynthesis. Determine what you believe is the most significant step in regard to harnessing energy within ea

Is the embryonic development in birds indirect or direct, Q. Is the embryon...

Q. Is the embryonic development in birds indirect or direct? The embryonic development is direct there is no larval stage. Q. What are the predominating chemical compounds

Hlstory of psychiatry, HlSTORY OF PSYCHIATRY: The earliest treatment o...

HlSTORY OF PSYCHIATRY: The earliest treatment of  mental disorders was practiced by stone age cave dwellers. For certain mental disorders,  the early Shaman or medicine man, t

Digestive system - pharynx, PHARYN X - Commom system between digestive...

PHARYN X - Commom system between digestive system and respiratory system. In it gullet and glottis present.Gullet leads to oesophagus. Glottis lead to trachea. Wall of p

Enumerate the failures in adaptation, Enumerate the Failures in adaptation ...

Enumerate the Failures in adaptation Failures in adaptation, such as poor school performance or unsatisfactory peer relationships are usually problems that bring children to th

Foot-and-mouth disease - viral disease, F o o t - a n d - m o u ...

F o o t - a n d - m o u t h disease Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral disease of cloven footed animals most notably cattle, pig and she

Explain the hormonal control of blood sugar levels, The sugar carried in th...

The sugar carried in the blood is glucose; the normal value of sugar in the human bloodstream is approximately 90mg per 100 bloods. Sugar is absorbed from the small intestines and

Hindbrain - medulla oblongata, MEDULL A OBLONGATA - Conical in appeara...

MEDULL A OBLONGATA - Conical in appearance. Lower most part of hind brain. It's lumen is metacoel or 4th ventricle. An oval mass pons virolli lies above medula oblongeta. I

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd