Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

How many cc of basaljel in the medicine cup, The doctor ordered 3 teaspoons...

The doctor ordered 3 teaspoons of Basaljel suspension in water or juice. How many cc of Basaljel (aluminum carbonate) should the nurse place in the medicine cup?

Determine the nutritional and functional role of bromine, Minerals : Bromin...

Minerals : Bromine                 Food Source       Brominated flour  Nutritional Functional role Not known to be essential to humans. Dough improver: KBrO 3 impr

Define disadvantages of direct microscopic count, Define Disadvantages of D...

Define Disadvantages of Direct Microscopic Count? 1. Small cells are difficult to see under the microscope and may be missed. 2. It gives total count, i.e., both live and de

Ventricular septal defect, A newborn baby with a patent foramen ovale or a ...

A newborn baby with a patent foramen ovale or a ventricular septal defect might be cyanotic (blue). Will a two-year-old with these defects also be cyanotic? Explain your answer.

Glycolipids, G L YCOLIPIDS They are lipids having sugar residues. ...

G L YCOLIPIDS They are lipids having sugar residues. Two common glycolipids are cerebrosides and gangliosides. (1) Cerebrosides They are made of amino alcohol sphi

THC and testis weight., A study set out to determine whether tetrahydrocan...

A study set out to determine whether tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the psychoactive component of marijuana) affects fertility in male hamsters. Two different experiments were conducte

Major divisions of the chordate phylum, Q. What are the two major divisions...

Q. What are the two major divisions of the chordate phylum? Chordates are divided into vertebrates and protochordates (urochordates and cephalochordates). Q. What are the d

Points to keep in mind for diabetes counsellor, Counselling involves a proc...

Counselling involves a process, the aim of which is to help others to help themselves by making better choices and becoming better choosers of options. The counsellor's repertoire

Monosaccharide sugars, Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting o...

Monosaccharide Sugar - carbohydrate consisting of a single sugar unit Have an aldehyde or a ketone group and 2-5 alcohol groups depending of the # of carbons

What is the concept of universality of the genetic code, What is the concep...

What is the concept of universality of the genetic code? What are the exceptions to this universality? The genetic code is universal because the rules of protein codification b

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd