Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Gifted species - biological nitrogen-fixation, Gifted Species - Biological ...

Gifted Species - Biological Nitrogen-Fixation Biological nitrogen fixation remains mainly confined to a few distinct nutritional types of prokaryotes, some of which are free-l

Define relation between volatile substances and proteins, Interactions betw...

Interactions between Volatile Substances and Proteins               Flavour binding may involve adsorption at the surface of food or penetration to the food interiority by diffu

Speciation, SPECIATION - Origin of new species: An isolated popula...

SPECIATION - Origin of new species: An isolated population of a species independently develops different types of mutations. The later accumulate in its gene pool. Afte

Prevention of iron deficient anaemia, Prevention   You as nurse needs t...

Prevention   You as nurse needs to ensure that iron supplementation  is given to children who are at risk for iron deficiency.  Iron supplementation  should start between 4 and

What is the kind of nitrogen waste that mammals eliminate, Q What is the ki...

Q What is the kind of nitrogen waste that mammals eliminate? Like chondrichtian fishes and adult amphibians, mammals are ureotelic that is they excrete urea. Q. How do plac

Adenosine diphosphate (adp), ADP is lower energy form of ATP, containing tw...

ADP is lower energy form of ATP, containing two (in spite of the three in ATP) phosphate groups attached to the adenine base and ribose sugar.

Hypothetical bacterial cell, A microbiology student isolated a hypothetical...

A microbiology student isolated a hypothetical bacterial cell that seems to quadruple every generation. Knowing that binary fission is an exponential function, derive a mathematica

Chambers of heart, The ventricles are separated from each other by the inte...

The ventricles are separated from each other by the interventricular septum and the atria are separated from each other by the interatrial septum. The interior of the right atrium

Explain nevirapine and its adverse effects, Explain Nevirapine and its adve...

Explain Nevirapine and its adverse effects Nevirapine (NVP,Viramune) - Nevirapine is most effective at raising CD4 cell counts and lowering viral load when combined with 2 NRTI

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd