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Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?
You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
Explain the Health Benefits of Polyphenols ? Various health benefits have been attributed to polyphenols. These include: - anti-microbial - anti-viral - anti-oxidant - hy
Determine Nutritional Requirements in Hot Environments? Hot environments may be of two types: dry hot, as in the case of deserts or hot and humid in tropical rain forests and c
Cutaneous respiration in earthworm. The respiration performed by the skin is called cutaneous respiration In earthworm skin is the only organ of respiration. The skin
Risk analysis- Definiton of Food Food : Any substance, whether processed, semi- processed or raw which is intended for human consumption, containing drinks, chewing gu
Osseus defects around implants. They are classified into four main groups. Group I defects: These demonstrate moderate horizontal bone loss with a minimal intrabony component
BIO GEOGRAPHICAL EVIDENCE- The patterns of distribution of animals and plants in different parts of the globe are termed as biogeography. It is believed that around carbo
Which kind of weak interaction can define higher order structure and in the same time DNA.
DIFFERENCE S BETWEEN AXON AND DENDRITE (DENDRON) AXON DENDRIT E (DENDRON) 1. It is single per neur
Explain the Bioavailability of Nicotinic Acid? We have already learnt earlier that niacin is provided in the diet primarily as the pyridine nucleotides-NAD and NADP. In additio
Q. What are the main degenerative diseases of the heart? The major degenerative diseases of the heart are heart failure, arrhythmias, valvular heart diseases, coronary insuffic
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