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Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?
You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
Explain Objectives of Root-End Resection Apicoectomy a) Removal of untreated apical portion of the root, b) Enable the obturator to determine the cause of failure, c) To
EMBRYONI C MEMBRANES - Such animals are called amniota. Embronic membranes are of 4 types - (i) Yolk sac - It is formed below the embryo. It contains fluid (no yolk
Describe a. the factors responsible for promoting lactation, and b. the mechanism responsible for the cessation of lactation when a mother weans her baby.
Explain about the term accommodation. Normally, the human eye focuses at objects at infinity, without exerting any power. This implies that while a person is observing an objec
Q. Define Stress Echocardiography with Adenosine? These have all been described. The information is that of wall motion abnormality indicating ischaemia. Ejection fraction can
Air Microbes
Q. How does the pancreatic juice help the digestion of lipids? What is the involved enzyme? The enzyme pancreatic lipase is present in the pancreatic juice this enzyme breaks t
Explain Prophylaxis of lyme disease No vaccine is currently available to prevent Lyme disease in humans. Avoidance of ticks and use of tick repellents such as DEET or picaridin
Open Head Injuries Open head injuries are TBIs in which the skull is penetrated, as in gun shot or missile wounds, or in which fragment of bone penetrate the brain substance. O
why does an organism internal environment change
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