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Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?
You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
what is test cross?
Explain Vegetable dehydration It reduces the natural water content below the level critical for the growth of microorganisms (12-15%), without being detrimental to important nu
Hydrogen bonds are important for all of the following except:: a) Allowing carbohydrates to dissolve in water b) Stabilizing the three-dimensional shape of proteins. c) Ma
Bone Cells Bone cells may be divided into two broad classifications depending on whether they make bone or resorb it. Osteoblasts make bone, while Osteoclasts resorb or take aw
Prepared Assignments on glycolysis
Which of the following statement is false regarding the method of recombination or crossing-over? A. Crossing-over takes place during prophase I of meiosis B. Recombination
Conclusions drawn from the Monohybrid Crosses From the results of his monohybrid crosses, following conclusions were obtained :- 1 . Law of Unit or Paired Factors (Po
Why, even though they have an open circulatory system, can flying insects like flies beat their wings with great speed? In insects the circulatory system is open but this syste
Consistently overwatering a potted tomato pla nt will eventually kill it. Using the map, suggest why waterlogged soil results in plant death. O2 cannot reach respiring root cells.
Proteins are very essential macromolecules as they have a range of many important functions like: • Required for building and repair of body tissues (including muscle) • Enzy
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