Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Define national programmes targeting children and adolescent, Define Nation...

Define National Programmes Targeting Children and Adolescents? Two programmes specially target children and adolescents as a vulnerable group. These are: a) Mid Day Meal Pro

How is the smoothing tendency of cornea functioned, How is the smoothing te...

How is the smoothing tendency of cornea functioned? Smoothing tendency: In health and in disease condition the epitheliurm has a strong tendency to smoothen the underlyin

Deficiency diseases-predisposing factors, Predisposing factors The inc...

Predisposing factors The incidence of metabolic diseases in cows and buffaloes increases as the milk production increases and the herd size becomes larger. The highest inciden

Plot the amount of dna in the nucleus, Plot the amount of DNA in the nucleu...

Plot the amount of DNA in the nucleus of spermatogonia from the G1 stage prior to the first meiotic division through the completion of meiosis. Label each of the major stages of th

Hydrology, Hydrology Background: Hydrology is the study of the move...

Hydrology Background: Hydrology is the study of the movement and distribution of water resources. This is an important field of study in a dry climate like Utah. Although c

Define that dna is the genetic material, How did Alfred Hershey and Martha ...

How did Alfred Hershey and Martha chase arrive at the conclusion that DNA is the Genetic material?

Explain whipping foam method, Explain Whipping foam method? Whipping is...

Explain Whipping foam method? Whipping is the most common method used as it forms bubbles by cutting the surface and introducing air into liquid.  Repeated action makes the

Synthesis of citratefrom acetyl coa and oxaloacetate, Synthesis of citratef...

Synthesis of citratefrom acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate: Citrate synthase catalyses this aldol condensation reaction with the release of CoA. There are certain inhibitors to  this re

Explain about utility gloves, Q. Explain about Utility Gloves? Because ...

Q. Explain about Utility Gloves? Because of the increased risk of percutaneous injury during instrument cleaning (100% of the Faculty incidents reported in academic year 2003/0

How to care of the ventilated patient, How to Care of the Ventilated Patien...

How to Care of the Ventilated Patient Constant focused attention is required for the patient on mechanical ventilatory support. A good understanding of the problems that can a

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd