Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Does every gene mutation cause alteration in the protein, Does every gene m...

Does every gene mutation cause alteration in the protein the gene normally codifies? Not each gene mutation causes alteration in the composition of the protein the gene codifie

Cerebrum, what term is used to indicate its grooves?

what term is used to indicate its grooves?

Fats are essential for meeting nutritional need of essential, Why Fats are ...

Why Fats are essential for meeting nutritional need of essential? Fats are essential for meeting nutritional needs of essential, fatty acids like linoleic acid (n-6) and alpha

Define the structure of moulds, The structure of moulds When the four p...

The structure of moulds When the four pure cultures of mould have reached a vigorous state of growth study each one with a hand lens. See if you can see stalks with tiny black

Define absorption, Define Absorption, Storage and Elimination of vitamins? ...

Define Absorption, Storage and Elimination of vitamins? Reading through this section you would realize that all fat-soluble vitamins undergo similar metabolic fate. They are a

Lipogenesis, Anabolism and Lipogenesis : Beside  the glucose  stored  as gl...

Anabolism and Lipogenesis : Beside  the glucose  stored  as glycogen  some  glucose of  blood  isanabolized in everybody cell, into  structural  polysaccharides for  growth. Repair

Zoonoses disease-brucellosis, Brucellosis Brucellosis is a global probl...

Brucellosis Brucellosis is a global problem because of its public health and economic implications. It is one of the serious diseases affecting livestock all over the worlds th

Can you illustrate compensation point, Q. What is compensation point? What ...

Q. What is compensation point? What is the inference of the compensation point for the plant growth? The photic compensation point is the photic energy intensity under which ae

List the four phases of mitosis, List the four phases of mitosis, and brief...

List the four phases of mitosis, and briefly explain what occurs during each phase. Prophase: the chromatin coils and produces chromosomes, the nucleolus and nuclear envelope d

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd