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Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?
You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.
Name three characteristics of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support the endosymbiotic hypothesis of eukaryotic evolution. Both organelles replicate independently of the ce
The Exine Layer It consists of two layers, inner (nexine) which is continuous and an outer (sexine) the sculptured one. The outer layer has ornamentations comprising rod-like
What are the processes that autotrophic beings use to produce organic material from inorganic substances? Autotrophic beings make organic material by photosynthesis or by chemo
Nuclear endosperm in angiosperm.
This technique utilizes an enzyme resolvase, endo vii, cloned from the bacteriophage t4. This enzyme has high specificity to find deletions, insertions, and base substitutions muta
Explain about the Toxicity - fat soluble Vitamin? Because vitamin A is fat-soluble and can be stored, primarily in the liver, routine consumption of large amounts of vitamin A
During chemical synaptic transmission A. neurotransmitter travels via diffusion in extracellular space. B. there will always be release of neurotransmitter from the postsyna
Difference between rod and cone cells
Explain the Composition of Nutrient Agar and Nutrient Broth? The composition and procedure for preparation of some commonly used media, which we will use in the laboratory for
Why lymph is also called middle man of body
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