Explain the role in insulin formation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain the Role in Insulin Formation?

You are aware that insulin receptors are present in many cells with their concentration being highest in adipocytes (cells present in adipose tissue) and hepatocytes (liver cells). You also know that insulin receptor has two extracellular alpha-subunits and two extracellular beta-subunits. It is the alpha-subunit to which insulin binds. Once insulin binds to the alpha-subunit of the receptor, a specific phosphorylation of the beta-subunit occurs through a cascade of phosphorylation reactions. This leads to increased insulin sensitivity. The enzyme partly responsible for this phosphorylation is the 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase'. This enzyme is activated by chromium. In rats, removal of chromium has been shown to result in the loss of kinase-potentiating activity. Besides activating the kinase, chromium also inhibits phosphotyrosine phosphatase-an enzyme responsible for inactivation of insulin receptor. The activation of 'insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and inhibition of 'insulin receptor tyrosine phosphatise by chromium would lead to an increased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor, which is associated with increased insulin sensitivity.


Related Discussions:- Explain the role in insulin formation

Explain functions of ascorbic acid, Explain Functions of Ascorbic Acid? ...

Explain Functions of Ascorbic Acid? Vitamin C is easily oxidized, and the majority of its functions in vivo rely on this property. It plays a key role in the body's synthesis o

Illustrate sequential phases of the cell cycle, Q. How does the quantity of...

Q. How does the quantity of genetic material differ within the cell during the sequential phases of the cell cycle? The first period of the first phase interphase of the cell c

What is the difference between smallpox and measles, Q. What is the differe...

Q. What is the difference between smallpox (variola) and measles? The Smallpox is a viral infection like measles. The Smallpox is transmitted by respiratory secretions, saliva

Explain about the pickling - methods of food processing, Explain about the ...

Explain about the Pickling - methods of food processing? Pickling was widely used to preserve meats, fruits and vegetables in the past, but today it is used almost exclusively

Definition of breach of contract, Question 1: Mention the types of IRBs...

Question 1: Mention the types of IRBs. If the IRB disapproves clinical study, can the sponsor approach another IRB? Justify your answer. Mention different types of IRBs

What is defective colour vision, What is Defective Colour Vision Defect...

What is Defective Colour Vision Defective colour vision is often called colour blindness. The ability to appreciate one or more of the primary colours is lacking. This can be e

The red data book, The Red Data Book Species judged as threatened are ...

The Red Data Book Species judged as threatened are listed by various agencies as well as by some private organisations. The most cited of these lists is the Red Data Book. It

Explain database search, Database Search: Once an open reading frame or th...

Database Search: Once an open reading frame or the partial amino acid sequence has been pre-determined, the investigator compares sequence with others in the databases using a com

Eugenics, Eugenics : This is the study of improvement of human races by app...

Eugenics : This is the study of improvement of human races by applying the genetic laws. In other words Eugenics is the bio-social movement & applied science that advocates the use

Describe the dinosaurs in multimedia tutorials, Describe the Dinosaurs in m...

Describe the Dinosaurs in multimedia Tutorials? Travel back to a time when dinosaurs ruled the earth. Learn about the different types of dinosaurs and practice building your ow

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd