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Explain the disadvantages of a file processing system?
Ans: Disadvantages of File Processing Systems include: 1) Data Redundancy 2) Data Inconsistency 3) Difficult to access data 4) Data isolation 5) Atomicity problem 6) Concurrent access anomalies 7) Security problem
Database Recovery And Security Introduction In this part we will introduce two main issues relating to database management systems. A computer system suffers from dissi
Normalize the given relation to 3NF, justifying each step
Consistency: This property makes sure that a complete transaction implementation takes a database from one consistent state to another consistent state. If the transaction fails e
Indexed (Indexed Sequential) File Organisation It organises the file like a big dictionary, i.e., records are kept in order of the key but an index is stored which also allows
Write short notes on Schema diagram. A database schema along with primary key and foreign key dependencies can be depicted pictorially by schema diagram. Every relation appea
What is NULL? Give an example to described testing for NULL in SQL? The NULL SQL keyword is used to represent either a missing value or a value which is not applicable in a re
Which product produces the relation that has attributes of R1 and R2 ? Cartesian product produce the relation which has attributes of R1 and R2
Design a gennalization and specialization hierarchy for an automobile sales company
What is Hierarchical DBMS In HDBMS, data is structured in a tree like manner. There is a parent-child relationship between data items and the data model is very suitable for re
Log based recovery: Let us first describe the term transaction log in the context of DBMS. A transaction log is a record in DBMS that remains track of all the transactions of a dat
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