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Explain the disadvantages of a file processing system?
Ans: Disadvantages of File Processing Systems include: 1) Data Redundancy 2) Data Inconsistency 3) Difficult to access data 4) Data isolation 5) Atomicity problem 6) Concurrent access anomalies 7) Security problem
Two-way Associations Mostly, associations are travel in both directions, although not usually with same frequency. There are three approaches for the implementation. In
In which format database schema is written ? Data base schema is written in the DDL format.
Determine the Other System Design Issue How to realise subsystems; through hardware or software? How is object model mapped on chosen hardware software? Mapping
Cardinality shows the number of instances of an entity associated with another entity participating in a relationship. Depend on the cardinality binary relationship can be further
What is nested relational model? The nested relational model is an extension of relational model in which domains might be either atomic or relation valued.
To do the division operation R1 ÷ R2, R2 should be a correct subset of R1. In the following example R1 have attributes A and B and R2 have only attribute B so R2 is a correct subse
The issues relating to the Design of the Physical Database Files Physical File is a file as stored on the disk. The major issues relating to physical files are: • Cons
Determine the minimal set of functional dependencies for the following data. This table is part of the OHSU database of extracurricular activities and tracks the DMICE band's co
examples of fields in a database
Define the terms 1) physical schema 2) logical schema. Physical schema: The physical schema explains the database design at the physical level, which is the lowest level of abs
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