Explain long-term risk estimation, Biology

Assignment Help:

Explain Long-term Risk Estimation ?

Many studies have examined long-term risks associated with risk factors using traditional epidemiological methods. Framingha investigators examined well and women between 40 to 50 and followed them up to find out their overall survival and CVD free survival a1 85 years and beyond. Factors associated with survival to age 85 included female gender, lower systolic BP, IOMWI' tot01 cholesterol, better glucose tolerance, no current stoking and higher level of education attained. In presence of adverse levels of four of these factors in middle age, fewer than 5 per cent of men and 15 per cent of women survived to age 85.

In another study, men and women with a low risk factor burden (serum cholesterol < 200mg/dl, untreated BP 5 120/80 mmHg, no current smoking, no diabetes and no major ECG abnormalities) in middle age had 73-85 per cent lower visit of' CVD mortality, 40-60 per cent lower total mortality and 6-10 years greater life expectancy.

The Chicago Heart Association Detection Project in industries have shown that risk factor burden in middle age is associated with quality of life at follow-up in older age. A Finnish study also observed that cholesterol levels in middle aged men were associated with total mortality and quality of life over 39 years of follow-up.

When taken together, all these studies confirm long-term protection with low Risk factor burden and substantial long-term risks associated with adverse baseline values of CVD risk factors.

 


Related Discussions:- Explain long-term risk estimation

How the needles are classified by thier point geometry, How the needles are...

How the needles are classified by thier point geometry Needles may also be classified by their point geometry; examples include: - taper (needle body is round and tapers smo

Pre pregnancy counselling, Pre Pregnancy Counselling To prevent excess...

Pre Pregnancy Counselling To prevent excess spontaneous abortions and congenital malformations in infants of diabetic mothers, diabetic care, education and counselling must be

Determine health hazards associated with high altitude, Determine Health Ha...

Determine Health Hazards Associated with High Altitude? Abrupt exposure to altitudes greater than 10,000 ft (3050 in) elevation is frequently associated with symptoins of altit

What are the major types of lipids, Q. What are the major types of lipids? ...

Q. What are the major types of lipids? The main types of lipids are phospholipids, triglycerides (fats and oils), waxes and steroids.

What is a genetic family tree, What is a genetic family tree? Genetic f...

What is a genetic family tree? Genetic family tree is a schematic family tree that shows the biological inheritance of some trait by successive generations. Genetic family t

Botany, Sir/Madam, I am a Banquet Farm Owner and face the problem with the ...

Sir/Madam, I am a Banquet Farm Owner and face the problem with the Grass that in November & December the grass does not grow well or disappear beacuse of heavy foot fall. Is their

Pericardiocentesis, Pericardiocentesis It is removal of fluid form the...

Pericardiocentesis It is removal of fluid form the pericardial sac. It is a specialized procedure done n ICU or cardiac cath lab or OT. A 16 or 18 gauge needle is inserted

Epidemiology of plague, Question 1 A patient is admitted to the hospital w...

Question 1 A patient is admitted to the hospital with suspected pneumococcal pneumonia. How would you confirm this initial diagnosis? Answer the following questions a) Which is

Intra cranial mycotic aneurysms, The reported occurrence of ICMAs is 1.2 pe...

The reported occurrence of ICMAs is 1.2 per cent to 5 per cent of cases. Streptococci and S.aureus account for 50 per cent and 10 per cent of cases, respectively, and are seen with

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd