Q. Explain Kirchhoff current law?

The basic laws that must be satisfied among circuit currents and circuit voltages are known as Kirchhoff 's current law (KCL) and Kirchhoff 's voltage law (KVL). These are fundamental for the systematic analysis of electric circuits.

KCL states that, at any node of any circuit and at any instant of time, the sum of all currents entering the node is equal to the sum of all currents leaving the node. That is, the algebraic sum of all currents (entering or leaving) at any node is zero, or no node can accumulate or store charge. Figure illustrates Kirchhoff's current law, in which at node a,

i₁ - i₂ + i₃ + i₄ - i₅ = 0

or

- i₁ + i₂ - i₃ - i₄ + i₅ = 0

or i₁ + i₃ + i₄ = i₂ + i₅

Note that so long as one is consistent, it does not matter whether the currents directed toward the node are considered positive or negative.