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Like DNA RNA is a long polymer having of nucleotides joined by 3'5' phosphodiester bonds. Furthermore, there are some differences:
? The bases in RNA are adenine abbreviated A, guanine G, uracil U and cytosine C. Thus thymine in DNA is replaced through uracil in RNA, a several pyrimidine shown in the figure. Furthermore, such as thymine, uracil can form base pairs with adenine.
? The sugar in the RNA is ribose rather than deoxyribose as in the DNA.
Equivalent ribonucleosides are guanosine, adenosine, cytidine and uridine. The corresponding ribonucleotides are adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP), cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP) and uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP). As with DNA, the nucleotide series of RNA is also written as a base sequence in the 5' → 3' direction. Thus GUCAAGCCGGAC is the sequence of one short RNA molecule.
Figure: (a) Uracil, (b) ribose.
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