Era of first generation computers, Computer Engineering

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Q. Era of first generation computers?

The trends that were encountered at the time of the era of first generation computers were:

Centralized control in a single CPU (all the operations needed a direct intervention of the CPU).
Use of ferrite-core main memory was begun during this time.
Concepts like use of virtual memory and index register started.
Punched cards were used for input device.
Magnetic drums and magnetic tapes were used as secondary memory.
Machine language or binary code was used for programming.
Towards the end because of difficulties encountered in use of machine language as programming language. The use of symbolic language that is now called as assembly language started.
Assembler a program that converts assembly language programs to machine language was developed.
Computer was available to only one programmer at a time (single user environment).
Advent of von-Neumann architecture.

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