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ECON403, Public Economics

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Jack and Jill live alone on an island. Their labour supply schedules are identical and given by L = (1 - t)w, where t is the income tax rate and w denotes the wage. Jill''s wage is 6 and Jack''s is 2. The tax paid by an individual is twL and each receives a transfer equal to half the total revenues. Jack and Jill have identical utility functions given by U =C - (1/2)L2
, where C denotes consumption (the individual''s income after tax and transfer). If the social welfare function is W = 3Ujack + UJill, what is the optimal tax rate?

[Hint: Write W as a function of the tax rate t.] Why is the optimal tax rate not 0? Why is
it not 1?

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