Question:

(a) There appears to be an emerging consensus that the movement towards good governance must include initiatives to strengthen the institutions of government and civil society with the objective of making governments more accountable; more open and transparent; more democratic and participatory while promoting the rule of law. Public service management is a key component of moving the good governance agenda forward. Governance processes and related public service management challenges are shaped by a number of environmental forces.

Discuss the forces impacting on good governance and public service reform.

(b) Few studies have been conducted to evaluate New Public Management-type of reforms in developing countries. Nevertheless there seems to be consensus that such reforms have not met with the same level of success as in the case of some developed countries.

Why has NPM delivered less in developing countries than in developed ones?