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Q.1 Briefly discuss the different layers of ANSI SPARC architecture.
Ans: The three layers of ANSI SPARC architecture are like this:
1. Internal view is at the lowest level of abstraction, closest to the physical storage method employed. It points out how the data will be stored and explains the data structures and access methods to be employed by the database. There is one internal view for the whole database.
2. Global or Conceptual View: At this level of abstraction all the database entities and the relationships between them are included. There is one conceptual view for the whole database.
3. External or User View: The external or user view is at the highest level of database abstraction in which just only those portions of the database concern to a user or application programme are involved. Some external or user views may exist for a specified global or conceptual view.
When is a transaction rolled back? Any changes that the aborted transaction made to the database must be uncompleted. While the changes caused by an aborted transaction have be
From SAD to OOAD (Structured Analysis and Design (SAD) to Object Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD). We will find here how we can map various models in SAD to different model
What is a function group? A function group is a collection of logically related modules that share global data with every other. All the modules in the group are contained in
The result of the UNION operation between R1 and R2 is a relation that includes? The result of the operation between R1 and R2 includes all the tuples of R1 and R2 which have c
Consider the following relations: S (S#, SNAME, STATUS, CITY) SP (S#, P#, QTY) P (P#, PNAME, COLOR, WEIGHT, CITY) Give an expression within SQL for each of queries b
Define a job scheduling strategy that will meet business requirement of reporting availability by 6am CST for the following cubes? Show the job scheduling dependencies in a pictori
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