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Determine the concept of Process
Process: A process transforms the data values. It is represented as ellipse containing a description of transformation. Each procedure has a fixed number of the input and output data arrows; each of them carries a value of a given type.
The indices are accumulated in the index files. The data is accumulated in the data files. Indices give fast access to data items. For example, a book database may be managed in th
What are domain constraints? A domain is a set of values that might be assigned to an attribute .all values that appear in a column of a relation must be taken from the similar
Which operator is Cartesian product in relational algebra? Cartesian product in relational algebra is a binary operator. (It requires two operands. e.g., P X Q)
why three level architecture had been developed/
To eliminate duplicate rows (distinct operator) Example: SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP;
Software failures : In such cases, a software error abruptly stops the implementation of the current transaction (or all transactions), therefore leading to losing the state of pr
explain participation constraints with examples
One-way Associations When an association is traversed only in the one direction, then it is implemented as a pointer i.e.an attribute which contains an object reference. If mu
what characterizes the levels in RAID technology
Type of database technology
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