Design matrix, Advanced Statistics

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It is used generally for the matrix which specifies a statistical model for a set of observations.

For instance, in a one-way design with the three observations in one group, two observations in the  second group and a one observation in the third group, and where the model is
2142_design matrix.png 

the design matrix, X is
1554_design matrix1.png 
By making use of this matrix the model for all the observations can be conveniently expressed in matrix form as
1081_design matrix2.png 
1904_design matrix3.png 
It is also used specifically for the matrix X in the designed industrial experiments which specify the chosen values of the explanatory variables; these are frequently selected using one or the other criteria.


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