Question:

There is widespread belief that the process of globalization has largely bypassed Sub-Saharan Africa, leaving the sub-continent in a state of marginalization in the world economy.

(a) Using the key indicators of globalization, and with reference to the empirical literature, account for Africa's "marginalization" in the world economy.

(b) Discuss briefly the factors that could have contributed to this state of marginalization.

(c) Outline policy measures that African governments should take to harness the benefits of globalization.