Describe properties of the conducting materials.

Conducting materials are classified by low resistivity materials and high resistivity materials.

Low resistivity materials: The conducting materials having resistivity in between 10-8 to 10-6 ohm-m come in this category and are utilized in transmission and distribution lines, transformers and motor windings.

Properties:

a) Coefficient of low temperature: For minimum variations into voltage drop and power loss along with the change in temperature, such materials must have low temperature coefficient.

b) Sufficient mechanical strength: Such materials should withstand the mechanical stresses developed throughout its use for exact applications.

c) Ductility: The material to be utilized for conductors should be ductile therefore this can be drawn and moulded in different shapes and sizes.

d) Solderability: The conducting materials are needed to be joined and the joint should have minimum contact resistance. Such materials should have a good solderability.

e) Resistance to corrosion: The material must have a high resistance to corrosion therefore this must not be corroded while used in different environmental conditions.

 High resistivity materials: The conducting materials having resistivity in between 10-6 to 10-3 ohm-m come in this category and are utilized for making resistance elements for precision instruments, heating devices and rheostats.

Properties:

a) Low temperature coefficient: in voltage drop and power loss for minimum variations along with the change in temperature, such materials must have low temperature coefficient.

b) High melting point: These materials, that are used as heating elements must have high melting point.

c) Ductility: The material to be utilized for conductors must be ductile therefore this can be drawn and moulded in different shapes and sizes.

d) Oxidation resistance: The material must have a high oxidation resistance therefore this must get oxidised while used in different environmental conditions.

e) High mechanical strength: These materials should withstand the mechanical stresses developed throughout its use for exact applications.