Q. What are the most common methods of female and male surgical sterilization?

Vasectomy is the majority common method of surgical sterilization in men in vasectomy the vas deferens inside the scrotum are sectioned and closed at a section which will forbid the sperm cells to follow to the ejaculatory duct but still permitting the release of seminal fluid during ejaculation.

Surgical sterilization of women is often done by bilateral tubal ligation with tubal ligation the ovum doesn't pass to the uterus so the sperm cells cannot reach it.