Deriving 6-month forward rates, Financial Management

Assignment Help:

Using details from table 8, let us compute the 6-month forward rate. Simple arbitrage principle, like the one used to compute the spot rates are used in this process.

For example, let us consider an investor who has 1-year investment horizon and has two alternatives, (i) to buy a 1-year T-bill or (ii) to buy a 6-month T-bill; and when it matures after six months to buy one more 6-month T-bill. If both investments have the same cash flows and carry the same risk, then they will have same value. The investor will be indifferent towards the two alternatives if both of them produce same returns in the 1-year investment horizon. But, to compare both the options, the investor needs to know the forward rate on the 6-month Treasury bill to calculate the yield available on a 6-month treasury bill that will be purchased six months from now. Using the 6-month and 1-year Treasury bill spot rate, the six month forward rate on a 6-month treasury bill can be equated.

Let us now see how to determine the forward rate. Assume that an investor purchases a six month T-bill for $X. The value of the investment at the end of six months would be:

         X (1 + y1)

Where,

         y1 = One-half the Bond-Equivalent Yield (BEY) of the theoretical
            6-month spot rate.

Let us say f represents one-half the forward rate on a 6-month treasury bill available six months from now. The future returns that the investor would be receiving on his investment one year from now if he reinvests his investment by purchasing a six month treasury bill at the end of first six months, would be:

         X (1 + y1) (1 + f)

If we consider the alternative investment in 1-year T-bill and we assume that y2 represents one-half the BEY of the theoretical 1-year spot rate, then the total value of the investment at the end of one year would be:

         X (1 + y2)2

We know that the investor will be indifferent towards the two alternatives if he receives the same return. We can represent it with the help of following equations,

         X (1 + y1) (1 + f) = X (1 + y2)2

Solving for f,

          1639_6 month forward rate.png         

Now using the theoretical spot rates given in table 8, the 6-month and the 1-year
T-bill spot rate would be:

6-month bill spot rate = 0.0400, so y1 = $1.0200.

1-year bill spot rate = 0.0420, so y2 = $0.0210.

Substituting the values in equation (1) we get:

         2480_6 month forward rate1.png

So, the six month forward rate six months form now will be 4.4% (2.2% x 2) BEY. Now let us verify the values determined.  If $X is invested in the 6-month T-Bill at 2% and the proceeds are then reinvested for six months at the 6-month forward rate of 2.2% then the total return form this option would be,

         X(1.0200) x (1.0220) = 1.04244X

Now, if we invest the same amount i.e., $X in 1-year T-bill at one half the
1-year rate, 1.02105%, then return from this option would be,

         X (1.0210)2 = 1.04244 X

In a similar manner, 6 month forward rate beginning at any time period in the future can be calculated.  The notation we use to indicate 6-month forward rates is 1fm. In this, sub script 1 represents a 1-period (6-month) rate and subscript m represents the period beginning m period form now. When m is zero, then it represents current rate. Therefore, the first six months forward (1fm) rate is simply the current six month forward rate (y1).  The formula to determine a six month forward rate is:

         2438_6 month forward rate2.png


Related Discussions:- Deriving 6-month forward rates

Genesis Energy Capital Plan Report, Calculate the firm’s WACC. Prepare and ...

Calculate the firm’s WACC. Prepare and analyze each planned capital expenditure. Evaluate, rank, and recommend the capital expenditures according to beneficial value to the organiz

Establish ground rules for the study and design phases, Question : One ...

Question : One activity of the study phase is: "Establish Ground Rules for the Study and Design Phases". (a) What are ground rules? (b) When developing ground rules for a

Calculate the weighted average cost, XYZ Energy Solutions plc (XYZ) has spe...

XYZ Energy Solutions plc (XYZ) has spent €12m designing and developing a new generation of domestic air source heat pumps. These new domestic heat pumps can easily be fitted to exi

Evaluate alternative hedging strategies, Peak Inc. needs to order Canadian ...

Peak Inc. needs to order Canadian raw materials to use in its production process. The Canadian exporter typically invoices Peak in Canadian dollars. Assume that the current exchang

Explain about economic order quantity, Q. Explain about economic order quan...

Q. Explain about economic order quantity? The economic order quantity (EOQ) model is basis on a cost function for holding inventory which has two terms: holding costs as well a

Structure and participation of hedge funds, Structure and Participation of ...

Structure and Participation of Hedge Funds: The typical structure for a Hedge Fund is to facilitate the tax concerns of investors and fund managers. Basically, there are two or

Operating cycle, #questionoperating cycle in vegetable growing business in ...

#questionoperating cycle in vegetable growing business in uganda..

Explain adjustments necessary to translate enterprise value, Explain the ad...

Explain the adjustments necessary to translate enterprise value to the total present value of common equity. To acquire the value of the company’s common stock, add the value of

Price-yield relationship of a callable bond, Price-Yield Relationship of a ...

Price-Yield Relationship of a Callable Bond The price-yield relationship of a non-callable or a non-puttable bond is convex because price and yield are inversely proportional.

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd