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Define the terms 1) physical schema 2) logical schema.
Physical schema: The physical schema explains the database design at the physical level, which is the lowest level of abstraction describing how the data are actually kept.
Logical schema: The logical schema explains the database design at the logical level, which explains what data are kept in the database and what relationship exists between the data.
Recovery Techniques: After Reading the types of failures and database errors, let us talk about how to recover from the failures. Recovery can be complete using/restoring the previ
What is meant by computing the closure of a set of functional dependency? The closure of F denoted by F + is the set of functional dependencies logically implied by F.
The ER diagram clearly showing the additional tables you have implemented. SQL table creation scripts for the tables you have set up. SQL scripts showing the sample data you
Write short notes on tuple relational calculus. The tuple relational calculation is anon procedural query language. It defines the desired information without giving a particul
Evaluate, compare and contrast the two methods of relational database design namely top down method and Bottom up method. What will be your choice if you are asked to select a meth
When every condition appears with equality condition (=) only. c) Natural join (denoted by R*S) When two join attributes have the similar name in both relations. (Tha
Question: This Question refers to the database schema given in the Appendix. (a) The integrity of a database is enforced by integrity rules. Discuss what should happen on a
What is the disadvantage of a call by reference? During a call by reference damage or loss of data is not restricted to the subroutine, but will instantly lead to alters to th
Need a sample of a clinic database relationships
What is data definition language? Explain it in detail? The SQL DDL allows specification of not only a set of relations, but also information after each relation, containing
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