Define all the steps included in collective bargaining process.

The steps included in collective bargaining process are:-

(i) Putting up before the management, through the employees, their grievances and demands collectively.

(ii) Discussing and negotiating along with the management representative, with a view to settle the disputed matters.

(iii) Singing a formal or informal agreement equally arrived at.

(iv) Within the event of no agreement, different pressures are brought to bear upon the management through the union (like strikes, picketing and gheraos) or on union by the management (like lock-out) to reconcile.

During collective Bargaining both the parties, which is management representatives and union officials have a fundamental obligation to establish a constructive relationship of working harmony in the settlement of disputes and in the advancement of labour-management peace.