Define the nutrient requirements during trauma, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define the Nutrient Requirements during Trauma?

Nutritional assessment of the trauma patient is done to determine energy and protein requirements. Basal energy requirements are determined from standard tables based on age, sex and body surface area. These requirements are adjusted for increase in metabolic rate due to injury or disease. Dietary protein is required in greater amounts to achieve nitrogen balance. Approximately, 15 to 20% of calorie intake should be from protein. Carbohydrates (glucose) should provide 60% of caloric needs and the rest of energy needs should be met by fat. Multivitamins are given daily along with supplements of vitamin C, which is required in increased amounts after injury. Electrolytes may be added to feed formulas so as to maintain normal serum levels. Potassium, magnesium and phosphate supplements are added to parenteral fluids.

Zinc supplements should be given to severely malnourished patients or those with a history of poor nutrient intake, e.g. alcoholics. The routes of nutrition support are oral, enteral and parenteral. Oral and enteral routes are generally preferred over the parenteral (intravenous) administration. Oral liquid supplements should be administered to increase the nutrient intake. The patient's injuries may interfere with oral feedings. -Patients with facial and head injuries, disorders of the jaw, mouth or oesophagus and those receiving artificial veritilation are not able to take feeds orally. Such patients have to be fed by use of tubes. Enteral or parenteral tube feed formulas are usually balanced mixtures of fat, carbohydrate and protein. Intravenous or parenteral feedings may be necessary to supplement enteral feedings or when enteral feeds cannot be tolerated.


Related Discussions:- Define the nutrient requirements during trauma

Types of regeneration, TYPES OF REGENERATION - R eparativ...

TYPES OF REGENERATION - R eparative R estorative 1. It is limited to healing of wounds or replacement of cells It can replace

State the term - early therapeutic intervention, State the term - Early the...

State the term - Early therapeutic Intervention Since outcome may be ameliorated by well timed and appropriate treatment, the prevailing belief is that dysfunction should be id

Explain oral feeding, Oral Feeding This is the preferred and most palat...

Oral Feeding This is the preferred and most palatable method of feeding for meeting the increased nutritional demands of catabolism, it  should be  used as long as possible. If

What are the inorganic substances, What are the processes that autotrophic ...

What are the processes that autotrophic beings use to produce organic material from inorganic substances? Autotrophic beings make organic material by photosynthesis or by chemo

What is the name of the terminal portion of the axon, What is the name of t...

What is the name of the terminal portion of the axon? The terminal portion of the axon is known presynaptic membrane. Through this membrane neurotransmitters are released into

How identical proteins form, Are proteins with the same number of each diff...

Are proteins with the same number of each different amino acid that form them necessarily identical proteins? Even if many proteins have the similar number of each dissimilar a

Chronic exposure of cadmium, Q. Chronic exposure of Cadmium? An increa...

Q. Chronic exposure of Cadmium? An increase in the soil cadmium content due to soil pollution by industrial wastes, burning of coal, fossil fuels, sewage sludge, medical and

State about the latent squint disease, State about the Latent squint diseas...

State about the Latent squint disease Latent squint is seen commonly as exophoria in infancy and presbyopic age and esophoria in childhood. Hypermetropes can have esophoria and

What nerve is being compressed, what major nerve do you think is being comp...

what major nerve do you think is being compressed when a person often feel pain in the posterior surface of the thigh radiating to the area behind the knee and where is the likely

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd