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Define the Immediate Update
The immediate update methods may apply changes to the database on disk before the transaction arrives a successful conclusion. Though, these changes are usually recorded in the log on disk by force writing previous to they are applied to the database, making recovery still possible.
Fourth Normal Form (4NF) When attributes in a relation have multi-valued dependency, further Normalization to 4NF and 5NF are needed. Let us first find out what multi-valued d
under what condition log based recovery is feasible?
Benefits of heap files 1. This is a easy file Organisation method. 2. Insertion is somehow capable. 3. Good for bulk-loading data into a table. 4. Best if file
Define check point and its impact on data base recovery. Ans: There could be hundreds of transactions handled per minute, in a large on-line database system.
What are the states of transaction? The states of transaction are:- a) Active b) Partially committed c) Failed d) Aborted e )Committed f) Terminated
Define Deadlock prevention These protocols make sure that the system will never enter a deadlock state. There are two methods to deadlock prevention. One approach makes sure t
Define object-relational systems? Systems that give object-oriented extensions to relational systems are known as object-relational systems.
Describe a technique for direct search? Explain how data is stored within a file so which direct searching can be performed. For a file of unordered fixed length records by u
Describe sequential file organization. Explain the rules for (i) Inserting a new record. (ii) Deleting an existing record. Ans:A sequential f
In a relation, tuples are not inserted in any definite order. Ordering of tuples is not defined as a part of a relation definition. Though, records may be structured later accordin
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