Define regulation and excretion of sodium and chloride, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define Regulation and Excretion of sodium and chloride?

Renal excretion and retention of these elements is closely regulated. The total content of body sodium especially the concentration in the extracellular fluid (ECF) is under homeostatic control. Let us see how body regulates Na content in ECF. Of the total Na filtered through the glomeruli, over 99% is reabsorbed by the kidney tubules. A large proportion of this reabsorption takes place in the proximal tubule, but the final adjustment is achieved by the cells of distal tubules and collecting ducts. When the need for sodium by the body increases, several mechanisms such as decreased arterial volume, low blood pressure, decreased sodium at distal tubular exchange site, low plasma levels of sodium alert kidney. In response, specialized tissue of renal cortex release renin in the blood. Renil1 converts pro-hornlolie angiotensinogen secreted by liver to angiotensin TI.

This, in turn, stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce aldosterone, which increases sodiuin re-absorption. The accompanying water retention helps, lo normalize the arterial volume thereby suppressing further sellin production. You must remember here that the regulation of chloride is achieved indirectly through sodium regulation. We need to read further to understand the details of potassium. As observed for sodium, the maintenance of K balance also depends on the kidney. Unlike sodium, the transport of K is bi-directional during the passage of the filtrate through nephron. In the proximal tubule and loop of Henle, major portion of filtered K is reabsorbed. In the distal tubule, it can be reabsorbed from the filtrate or can be secreted into it depending on the body's need. Aldosterone acts reciprocally on Na and K. You have just seen that this hormone stimulates Na reabsorption, but it accelerates the secretion of K and thus increases its excretion. Other factors that increase K excretion are increased serum K+ concentration and alkaline pH.


Related Discussions:- Define regulation and excretion of sodium and chloride

Explain epididymitis, Epididymitis  Acute epididymitis in men less than...

Epididymitis  Acute epididymitis in men less than 35 years old is usually caused by C. trachomatis or, less frequently, N. gonorrhoeae. Older men or those who have had urinary

Role of nerves - regeneration, Role of Nerves - Regeneration It has b...

Role of Nerves - Regeneration It has been seen that soon after amputation nerves invade the regeneration blastema. If the stump is denervated by cutting the nerves supplying

Composition of oral rehydration salt, Composition of Oral Rehydration Salt ...

Composition of Oral Rehydration Salt (WHO Standard Formulation) 1. Sodium Chloride (common salt) = 3.5 g 2. Glucose = 20 g 3. Trisodium Citrate = 2.9 g or sodium bicarbon

Depth and currents, Depth and Currents Depth The sea is v...

Depth and Currents Depth The sea is very deep varying in different regions. Generally life extends to all depths but is confined more to the continental shelf and

Animal around us, #question.what are the reason that arthropodans are abund...

#question.what are the reason that arthropodans are abundant in nature.

Concepts of epidemic disease and endemic disease, Q. What is the difference...

Q. What is the difference between the concepts of epidemic disease and endemic disease? The Endemic diseases are those that often affect people of a given place, many or few in

What are phenotypical & genotypical proportions in f1 & f2, According to th...

According to the Mendel's second law, in the crossing between homozygous individuals concerning two pairs of nonlinked alleles, AABB x aaBB, what are the phenotypical and genotypic

Explain the concepts of food chain and food web, What is the difference bet...

What is the difference between the concepts of food chain and food web? The chain method is a theoretical model to study the energy flux in ecosystems. Actually in an ecosystem

How many cc of basaljel in the medicine cup, The doctor ordered 3 teaspoons...

The doctor ordered 3 teaspoons of Basaljel suspension in water or juice. How many cc of Basaljel (aluminum carbonate) should the nurse place in the medicine cup?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd