Define lipid-anchored proteins, Biology

Assignment Help:

A large number of integral proteins in eukaryotes do not traverse the membrane but are anchored in one or other leaflet of the bilayer through covalent attachment to a hydrocarbon chain. Several proteins, having the prion protein the causative  agent  of  mad  cow  disease  are  stably anchored  at  the  cell  surface by  covalent  linkage  of their  C-terminal  amino  acid  to the  headgroup  of a   phosphatidylinositol   lipid   by   an   ethanolamine-phosphate-trimannose-glucosamine   bridge,  so-called GPI (glycosyl  phosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins. This difficult structure is built up by sequential addition of the individual sugar residues and ethanolamine phosphate to phosphatidylinositol. The C-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide is deleted from the protein in the lumen of the RER and the preformed GPI anchor added to the new exposed C- terminal amino acid.

2294_22.png

 

figure: Lipid-modified proteins. (a) A glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein (G, glucosamine; M, mannose; EtP, ethanolamine phosphate); (b) A myristoylated protein; (c) A prenylated protein; (d) a palmitoylated protein. Some proteins are also customized on Cys residues with covalently attached palmitate (C16:0) (palmitoylated proteins). These have some with membrane-spanning polypeptides (fig. 2d), some prenylated proteins and some myristoylated  proteins. Various of the proteins having in cell signaling, like as the G proteins and the Ras family of proteins are lipid modified.

 

 


Related Discussions:- Define lipid-anchored proteins

The activated methyl cycle, S-Adenosyl   methionine   serve  as  a  donor  ...

S-Adenosyl   methionine   serve  as  a  donor  of  methyl  sets  in  numerous biological  reactions instance for in the formation  of creatine phosphate and in the synthesis of nuc

Explain which provides barrier to the movement of molecules, In a plasma me...

In a plasma membrane, which of the below provides a general barrier to the movement of molecules? a) Lipids b) Proteins c) Carbohydrates d) all of these Answer: a

genes occur on chromosome , In Drosophila, these genes occur on chromosome...

In Drosophila, these genes occur on chromosome 4. H - wild type (normal)     h - hairy F - wild type                   f - frizzled E - wild type                  e - vest

Define other consideration for dietary management, Define other considerati...

Define other consideration for Nutrient Requirement and Dietary Management Oral intake is generally feasible only during the anabolic phase wherein the patient should be given

Estimation of protein by availability of amino acids include, Estimation of...

Estimation of protein by Availability of amino acids include? Regeneration of blood and liver constituents includes Liver protein regeneration Blood protein regener

Regulation of pfk and fructose 1, When the level of AMP is high, this shows...

When the level of AMP is high, this shows the requirement for more ATP synthesis. AMP stimulates PFK increases the rate of glycolysis and inhibits fructose 1 and 6- bisphosphatase

Respiration in adult amphibians and fishes, Q. Do amphibians have direct de...

Q. Do amphibians have direct development? In amphibians the embryonic development is indirect there is a larval stage. Q. How different are the respiration in adult amphibi

Angiosperms, why are the microspores in groups of four?

why are the microspores in groups of four?

Microtubules, MICROTUBULES Discovered by De Robertis and Franchi ...

MICROTUBULES Discovered by De Robertis and Franchi . Term given by Slautterback . These are hollow structures, consists of tubulin protein. Each protein diamer

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd