Define lipid-anchored proteins, Biology

Assignment Help:

A large number of integral proteins in eukaryotes do not traverse the membrane but are anchored in one or other leaflet of the bilayer through covalent attachment to a hydrocarbon chain. Several proteins, having the prion protein the causative  agent  of  mad  cow  disease  are  stably anchored  at  the  cell  surface by  covalent  linkage  of their  C-terminal  amino  acid  to the  headgroup  of a   phosphatidylinositol   lipid   by   an   ethanolamine-phosphate-trimannose-glucosamine   bridge,  so-called GPI (glycosyl  phosphatidylinositol)-anchored proteins. This difficult structure is built up by sequential addition of the individual sugar residues and ethanolamine phosphate to phosphatidylinositol. The C-terminal hydrophobic signal peptide is deleted from the protein in the lumen of the RER and the preformed GPI anchor added to the new exposed C- terminal amino acid.

2294_22.png

 

figure: Lipid-modified proteins. (a) A glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored protein (G, glucosamine; M, mannose; EtP, ethanolamine phosphate); (b) A myristoylated protein; (c) A prenylated protein; (d) a palmitoylated protein. Some proteins are also customized on Cys residues with covalently attached palmitate (C16:0) (palmitoylated proteins). These have some with membrane-spanning polypeptides (fig. 2d), some prenylated proteins and some myristoylated  proteins. Various of the proteins having in cell signaling, like as the G proteins and the Ras family of proteins are lipid modified.

 

 


Related Discussions:- Define lipid-anchored proteins

Name the associated foods used in bacillus cereus, Name the Associated Food...

Name the Associated Foods used in bacillus cereus  Cereal dishes that contain corn and corn starch, mashed potatoes, vegetables, minced meat, liver sausage, milk, cooked meat.

Action of antibodies against virus and against bacteria, Q. How different a...

Q. How different are the actions of antibodies against virus and against bacteria? Why is the cellular immune response activated in case of chronic viral infection? The antibod

Particulate theory - pre-mendelian theory, Particulate Theory (i)      ...

Particulate Theory (i)         Maupertuis (1689-1759) proposed that the body of each parent give rise to minute particles. (ii)         In sexual reproduction, these particl

Discuss how would you perform antiglobulin test, Question 1 Discuss how wo...

Question 1 Discuss how would you perform antiglobulin test? Add a note on it clinical importance. What are the precautions to be taken while performing the test? Question 2 E

Describe gastrovascular cavity in detail, Describe Gastrovascular cavity in...

Describe Gastrovascular cavity in detail? The name given to the internal cavity of cnidarians. A blind-ended (incomplete) gut with only one opening. Food is to be digested and

Angiosperm, What is morphological nature of angiosperm

What is morphological nature of angiosperm

What is eukaryotic cells , What is Eukaryotic Cells ? Eukaryotic Cel...

What is Eukaryotic Cells ? Eukaryotic Cells :  Most cells of higher organisms, and many unicells, contain a nucleus. Organisms whose cells contain a nucleus are called euka

Name the hormones produced by the testes, Name the hormones produced by ...

Name the hormones produced by (a) the testes, (b) the ovaries.   (a) The testes produce testosterone. (b) The ovaries produce oestrogen and progesterone.

What are arterial vessels and arterioles, What are arterial vessels, arteri...

What are arterial vessels, arteries and arterioles? Arterial vessels are each blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the tissues. Arteries and arterioles are arteria

The probability of an individual in the trihybrid, The probability of an in...

The probability of an individual in a trihybrid F2 generation showing the dominant phenotype for just two traits?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd