Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?

Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.

Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.


Related Discussions:- Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia

What are the cytokinins, What are the cytokinins? And where are they made? ...

What are the cytokinins? And where are they made? The Cytokinins are phytohormones active in the promotion of cellular division they slow down the aging of tissues and act toge

Opiate narcotics - psychological drug dependence, OPI A T E NARCOTICS - ...

OPI A T E NARCOTICS - They suppress brain activity and relieve pain popularly known as pain killers. They are sedative and astringent in nature. An astringent cause

What are the allele frequencies, You observe the following numbers of indiv...

You observe the following numbers of individuals of each genotype in a population: AA 700 Aa 200 aa 100 a.) what are the observed genotype frequencies in this populaiton?

History of Microbiology, Can you explain about microbiology? http://www.e...

Can you explain about microbiology? http://www.expertsmind.com/sample-assignment/sample-biology-homework.pdf

Use of aldehydes as chemical sterilant, Q. Use of Aldehydes as chemical ste...

Q. Use of Aldehydes as chemical sterilant? Formaldehyde: widely employed for the fumigation of operation theatres. Glutaraldehyde: commercial preparations are active at

Explain about the essential fat in humans, Explain about the essential fat ...

Explain about the essential fat in Humans? For the body to function normally, certain amount of body fat is required. This is called essential fat. For women, average amount of

Deficiency diseases-sporadic exertional rhabdomyolysis, Sporadic exertiona...

Sporadic exertional  rhabdomyolysis (azoturia, tying up in horses) Azoturia is a metabolic condition of horses that is characterized by reluctance to move and poor performance.

Ingestion of foreign bodies, Ingestion of Foreign Bodies: As we know  ...

Ingestion of Foreign Bodies: As we know  that small children are curious and  innocence children are notorious for inserting various object into their orifices like mouth, nos

Define x-ray chest and coronary angiography, Q. Define X-Ray Chest and Coro...

Q. Define X-Ray Chest and Coronary Angiography? X-Ray Chest It shows cardiomegaly with left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) enlargement. There may be signs of pulmona

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd