Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?

Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.

Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.


Related Discussions:- Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Objectives of psychological components, Objectives of psychological compon...

Objectives of psychological components It is essential to have objective scores, in order to identify and classify deficits in psychological components and processes. The nee

Explain the term- loss-of-function mutation, Where would a predicted silent...

Where would a predicted silent mutation have to be situated to actually result in a loss-of-function mutation (and potentially lead to the onset of disease)? A. Intron-exon jun

Define the future challenges of spatial processes, Define the Future challe...

Define the Future challenges of spatial processes? Understanding the dynamics of stochastic spatial systems, systems with a multitude of spatial scales, and systems along with

Use of protective eyewear as personal protective equipment, Q. Use of Prote...

Q. Use of Protective Eyewear as personal protective equipment? Protective lenses must be worn by dental personnel: 1. when performing procedures that can cause spatter or ae

What are those phyla, Q Beings from four phyla of the animal kingdom "breat...

Q Beings from four phyla of the animal kingdom "breath" (do gas exchange) by diffusion. Which are those phyla? How is this type of respiration associated to features present in tho

Explain the ph meter - food microbiology, Explain the pH Meter - Food Micro...

Explain the pH Meter - Food Microbiology? pH is a negative logarithm of H+ ion concentration. Its value remains between 0 and 14. Pure water has a pH of 7 (neutral). pH value l

Explain about the paediatric and geriatric nutrition, Explain about the Pae...

Explain about the Paediatric and Geriatric Nutrition? Every stage has its unique requirements due to different changing needs. Adequate and optimum nutrition support is very im

Explain detail about the golgi bodies, Explain detail about the Golgi Bodie...

Explain detail about the Golgi Bodies Eukaryotic cells possess, within the cytoplasm, a complex organisation of a cluster of membrane-surrounded vesicles called the Golgi bodie

Calculate the volume of blood plasma, If one determines the concentration o...

If one determines the concentration of cortisol in the blood plasma to be 10 ugrams/ml and that in a 24 hour period a person excretes 10 mgs of cortisol, calculate the volume of bl

Differance between rescue-capacity-building strategy, QUESTIONS: Write ...

QUESTIONS: Write an analysis of the Chapter Twelve, the concluding chapter in ROLL AWAY THE STONE. It will be worth UP TO 50 points if you do it well. Submit it through the "Ex

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd