Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?

Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.

Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.


Related Discussions:- Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia

How are antivenoms produced, How are antivenoms produced? Why are antivenom...

How are antivenoms produced? Why are antivenoms an example of passive immunization? Antivenoms are getting by the following process: the venom (antigen) is inoculated into othe

Define the names of some immemorial plants, Define The Names of Some Immemo...

Define The Names of Some Immemorial Plants? From the time immemorial plants have been known by some name, they are common, vernacular or local names given by different persons.

How are animals classified according to the germ layers, Q. How are animals...

Q. How are animals classified according to the germ layers present in their embryonic development? Cnidarians are diploblastic, that is they present only ectoderm and endoderm.

Condom, what is condom???

what is condom???

Explain about spring model, Q. Explain about Spring Model ? The spring ...

Q. Explain about Spring Model ? The spring model depicts elasticity. A force is applied in terms of load onto the spring as illustrated in the figure 8.6. When the force is app

What characteristics distinguish fungi from plants, What characteristics di...

What characteristics distinguish fungi from plants? Fungi contain some unicellular forms, but plants do not; most plants are autotrophic, but all fungi are heterotrophic. Fungi

Example of codominance, In shorthorn cattle, the coat colours red or white ...

In shorthorn cattle, the coat colours red or white are controlled by a single pair of alleles. A calf which receives the allele for red coat from its mother and the allele for whit

Transport of substances done across the bryophyte tissues, Q. How is the tr...

Q. How is the transport of substances done across the bryophyte tissues? How is this feature related to the general size of these plants? In bryophytes there are no nutrient-co

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd