Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?

Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.

Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.


Related Discussions:- Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Expression clone, Expression clone  is a clone (plasmid in the bacteria, or...

Expression clone  is a clone (plasmid in the bacteria, or might be a lambda phage in bacteria) which is designed to produce the protein from the DNA insert. Mammalian genes do not

Environmental accounting, Valuation of biological resources includes the pr...

Valuation of biological resources includes the process of deriving a monetary value to the things that are not sold in the market. Examples are the value given to fuelwood gathere

Membrane with the intention of delimits the nucleus, Q What is the name of ...

Q What is the name of the membrane with the intention of delimits the nucleus? To which component of the cell structure is that membrane contiguous? The nuclear membrane is als

What is an example of a hypothesis, What is an example of a hypothesis whic...

What is an example of a hypothesis which may explain why there is not a big representation of the class Reptilia found in polar regions? Beings of the class Reptilia are abunda

Human skeleton, what are the main coponents of human skeleton?

what are the main coponents of human skeleton?

Define role in glucose, Define Role in Glucose, Lipid and Nucleic Acid Meta...

Define Role in Glucose, Lipid and Nucleic Acid Metabolism? Chromium leads to a decrease in blood glucose concentration in people with elevated glucose levels and an increase in

What is the importance of vitamin k, What is the Importance of Vitamin K ...

What is the Importance of Vitamin K The site of action of vitamin K activity is the highly complex mechanism of blood coagulation. Due to its effect on prothrombin, vitamin K i

Detecting and resolving discrepancies, Detecting and resolving discrepancie...

Detecting and resolving discrepancies: Since the information selected to enter consciousness is usually about changes in the external and internal worlds, when there is a discrepan

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd