Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?
Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.
Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.
Advantages Durability of these vales are long lasting. Disadvantages Need for anticoagulant therapy is life long. Risk of thrombo-embolism is hi
Q Lower Oesophageal Sphincter? Competency of LES (Lower Oesophageal Sphincter) is important. The pressure of this sphincter is controlled by many factors, one of which is hormo
SIMPLE LIPIDS They are lipids formed of fatty acids and alcohol without any additional group. e.g. fats or true fats,wax,cutin, suberin. Simple lipids are mainly of 2 types
Exterrral and Internal Environment Let us try to understand the concept of environment with some examples. Can you identify the environment of a single carp fish in the pond? It
Describe PS With Atrial Right To Left shunt in details? This group of patients has cyanosis due to light to left shunt at atrial level. The diminution in PA pressure and PBF ma
Nervou s System It is controling system of body. Ectodermal in origin. This system is made up of nervous tissue. Nervous tissue is made up of neuron & neuroglial
Phylogenetic or Cladistic Classification Phylogeny plays a great role in classification. It is the appropriate theoretical background for taxonomy and is quite essential in exp
Epidemiology The organism does not appear to be very host or tissue specific and can infect naturally a large number of avian and mammalian species. Chlamydiosis has been reco
Q. How is the transport of substances done across the bryophyte tissues? How is this feature related to the general size of these plants? In bryophytes there are no nutrient-co
Differentiate between glycogenesis and glycogenolysis. The synthesis of glycogen in liver and muscle is called glycogenesis. The breakdown of glycogen in the liver (glycoge
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd