Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia, Biology

Assignment Help:

Define about the Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia?

Serum concentration of sodium is normally regulated within the range of 135 to 145 milimole per litre (a). Hyponatremia is defined as a Na level under 130 mM/L. When plasma Na level falls below 120 mM/L, symptoms such as headache, confusion, seizures and coma can occur, Hyponatrernia can arise from shift of water from cells to extracellular compartment, which is induced by an increase in solutes in plasma for example increased plasma glucose in diabetes can result in the shift of water from ICF to ECF, diluting the Na concentration. Hyponatremia is also induced by renal failure when .kidney's impaired ability to excrete waste products results in build up of solutes in plasma. It can also occur from an overall decrease in body, Na, as occurs during diarrhoea and vomiting.

Rare instances of hyponatremic dehydration have been reported in sports persons rehydrated only with water. Hypernatremia occurs less commonly and is defined as serum sodium level above -A 145 mM/L. The initial symptoms include irritability, lethargy and restlessness. Seizures and death may occur when plasma levels rise above 160 mM/L. Hypernatremia occurs with loss of water that is disproportionately greater than sodium and is associated with excessive sweating and hyperventilation. It can also occur when thirst mechanism is impaired because of damage to hypothalamus.


Related Discussions:- Define about the hyponatremia and hypernatremia

State the term supply shortly, State the term supply shortly. Supply...

State the term supply shortly. Supply: Potential firms or businesses into the market which are willing and capable to supply various quantities of a good or service at a

Find final atp count in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, Degrade a monoglyc...

Degrade a monoglyceride that has an 18-carbon fatty acid attached to it by Ester bonds. You will have to degrade the glycerol component followed by the fatty acid in presence of O2

Phototropism, wich variables are controlled when conducting a phototropism ...

wich variables are controlled when conducting a phototropism experiment

Can you describe about hematosis, Q. What is hematosis? In humans where doe...

Q. What is hematosis? In humans where does hematosis occur? Hematosis is the oxygenation of the blood, venous blood (oxygen-poor) after hematosis is transformed into arterial b

Decomposers - biotic components, Decomposers - Biotic Components Also ...

Decomposers - Biotic Components Also known as saprotrophs. Mostly, these are microscopic and are heterotrophic in nature. Decomposer organisms obtain their energy and nutrient

Amphibians, Ask questionImagine you are studying a group of amphibian speci...

Ask questionImagine you are studying a group of amphibian species that vary in their habitats, some living in dense murky water, and others living in very clear ponds. What kind of

Define advantages of colonies obtained at different dilution, Define Advant...

Define Advantages of Colonies Obtained At Different Dilution 1. As colonies grow both on the surface and beneath the agar surface, so aerobes facultative anaerobes and non-stri

Illustrate pulmonary artery enlargement, Q. Illustrate Pulmonary Artery Enl...

Q. Illustrate Pulmonary Artery Enlargement? On the PA view, the pulmonary trunk is border forming for a short distance between the aortic knuckle and the left atrial appendage.

Discuss about smooth muscles, Smooth muscles These muscles are beyond o...

Smooth muscles These muscles are beyond our control. That means these muscles are controlled by autonomic nervous system. They are non-voluntary muscles. They are found in thin

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd