Data packets - universal serial bus, Computer Engineering

Assignment Help:

Data packets:

A data packet consists of the PID which is followed a 16-bit CRC and by 0-1023 bytes of data payload (up to 1024 in high speed and at most 8 at low speed)

There are 2 basic data packets, DATA0 and DATA1. They have to always be preceded by an address token, and are typically followed by a handshake token from the receiver back to the transmitter. The 2 packet types provide the 1-bit sequence number needed by Stop-and-wait ARQ. If a USB host does not retain a response (such as an ACK) for data it has transmitted, it doesn't know if the data was retained or not; the data may have been lost in transit, or it may have been received but the handshake response was lost.

To solve this type of problem, the device keeps track of the type of DATA x packet it last accepted. If it retains another DATA x packet of the similar type, it is acknowledged but ignored as a case of duplicate. Only a DATA x packet of the opposite type is really received.

When a device is reset having a SETUP packet, it expects an 8-byte DATA0 packet next.

USB 2.0 added DATA2 and MDATA packet types as well. They are used just by high-speed devices doing high-bandwidth isochronous transfers which required transferring more than 1024 bytes per 125 µs "micro frame" (8192 kB/s),PRE "packet"

Low-speed components are supported with a special PID value, PRE. It marks the beginning of a low-speed packet, and it is used by hubs which usually do not send full-speed packets to low-speed devices. As all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the FS(full speed)K state, which is the similar as the low-speed J state. It is followed by a deep pause during which hubs enable their low-speed outputs that is already idling in the J state, then a low-speed packet follows the starting with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a deep period of SE0. Full-speed components other than hubs can simply avoid the PRE packet and its low-speed contents, till the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.


Related Discussions:- Data packets - universal serial bus

What is the difference between a latch and a flip-flop, What is a flip-flop...

What is a flip-flop? What is the difference between a latch and a flip-flop? List out the application of flip-flop. Ans. Flip-Flop: It is a fundamental memory element utilize

Explain functional roles of information system, Q. Explain Functional Roles...

Q. Explain Functional Roles of Information System? Functional Roles of Information System 1 Lower Costs - a) Use IT to significantly reduce the cost of business proce

Define the aims of program generation activity, Program generation activity...

Program generation activity aims at? Ans. At automatic generation of program the program generation activity aims.

Transition management system, please help me with psudocode for schedule ma...

please help me with psudocode for schedule management which contains stakeholder and application table

Define refresh circuits, Define Refresh Circuits? It is a circuit which...

Define Refresh Circuits? It is a circuit which make sure that the contents of a DRAM are maintained when every row of cells are accessed periodically.

Sun and nis law, Q. What is Sun and Nis Law? The Sun and Ni's Law is a ...

Q. What is Sun and Nis Law? The Sun and Ni's Law is a simplification of Amdahl's Law and Gustafson's Law. The basic concept underlying Sun and Ni's Law is to find solution to a

Implementation using 8 to 1 multiplexer, Implement the following function u...

Implement the following function using 8 to 1 multiplexer Y(A, B, C, D) = ∑(0,1,2,5,9,11,13,15) Ans. We will obtain three variables B,C and D at selection lines and also A as i

A full binary tree with ''n'' non-leaf nodes, A full binary tree with 'n' n...

A full binary tree with 'n' non-leaf nodes have  2n+l nodes.

What is the use of unions in c ?, Unions allow the same area of memory to b...

Unions allow the same area of memory to be accessed as different data types. The insurance example above would not work. Unions are useful (often in embedded programming) when i

System software, what can be the good projects for system software subject

what can be the good projects for system software subject

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd