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Consistency error: These errors happen due to the inconsistent state of database caused may be due to wrong implementation of commands or in case of a transaction abort. To overcome these errors the database system should contain routines that check for the consistency of data entered in the database.
Benefits of Hashed file Organisation 1. Insertion or search on hash-key is quick. 2. Best if equality search is required on hash-key. Drawbacks of Hashed file
Q. Explain data aggregatio n and discuss different design constraints. Sol. Aggregation One limitation of the E-R model is that it cannot express relationships amon
An orchestra database consists of the following relations: CONDUCTS (conductor, composition) REQUIRES (composition, Instrument) PLAYS (Player, Instrument) Give the relational
what are the main characteristics of database
Properties of a Transaction A transaction has four main properties. These are: Atomicity Consistency Isolation or Independence Durability or Permanen
Lossless-Join Decomposition Let us show an intuitive decomposition of a relation. We require a better basis for deciding decompositions since intuition may not always be r
In E-R Diagram how derived attribute are represented ? In E-R Diagram By Dashed ellipse derived attribute are represented.
User error : This contains errors in the program (e.g., Logical errors) with errors made by online users of database. These types of errors can be avoided by applying some check
what is cascading rollback
Increased overheads on update : On the drawbacks side, it will need the system to ensure that all replicas of a relation are consistent. This shows that all the replicas of the rel
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