Binary number based systems
 
Binary is a  ' base 2' number system, only two numbers exist namely '0' and '1'. Conversion from binary to base 10 is easy if the number column technique is used:

2ⁿ ......... 2⁴  2³  2² 2¹ 2⁰
 
               16  8   4   2   1    Base 10

Example:
 
Convert 11000₂ to base 10

2ⁿ ......... 2⁴  2³ 2²  2¹  2⁰
 
            16   8   4    2   1    
              
            1    1    0    0    0  = 16+8 = 24₁₀
 
Conversion from base 10 to binary is by means of repeated division 
 
  2/24        2/12        2/6         2/3          2/1        2/0    
  rem 0       rem 0      rem 0      rem 1     rem 1
 
    =11000₂