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At its most essential level the DBMS architecture can be divide into two parts: the back end and the front end.
The back end is responsible for managing the physical database and giving the essential support and mappings for the conceptual, internal and external levels. Other advantages of a DBMS, such as integrity, security and access control, are also the duty of the back end.
The front end is really just any application that runs on top of the DBMS. These may be applications given by the DBMS vendor, the user, or a third party. The user deals with the front end, and may not even be aware that the back end exists. This interaction is complete through Applications and Utilities which are the major interface to the DBMS for most users.
By which techniquesTransaction processing is associated? Transaction processing is associated by producing detail, summary, or exception reports and recording a business activi
to develop elrctronic database from manual forms
What is transaction? Transaction is a unit of program implementation that accesses and possibly updated several data items.
Consider the relations: PROJECT(proj#,proj_name,chief_architect) EMPLOYEE(emp#,emp_name) ASSIGNED(proj#,emp#) Use relational algebra to express the subsequent queries: (i) Get
Define in which normalisation form if an attribute of a composite key is dependent on an attribute of other composite key. Ans: 3NF A relation is in 3 NF if an attribute of
What is called block-level striping? Block level striping stripes blocks across many disks. It treats the array of disks as a large disk, and provides blocks logical numbers
What are composite objects? Objects that have other objects are known as complex objects or composite objects.
Explain Deadlock detection and recovery Deadlock Detection - A deadlock is said to take place when there is a circular chain of transaction, every waiting for the release of a
read-set(T) : Each data items that are read by a transaction T Timestamps : for all transaction T, the start-time and the end time are reserved for all the three phases.
Describe Dynamic Model. The dynamic model specifies allowable sequences of changes to the objects from an object model. It contains event trace diagrams describing scenarios. A
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