Already have an account? Get multiple benefits of using own account!
Login in your account..!
Remember me
Don't have an account? Create your account in less than a minutes,
Forgot password? how can I recover my password now!
Enter right registered email to receive password!
Closest Approximation to Relational Union - SQL
Actually, just as SQL has several varieties of JOIN, it also has several varieties of UNION, none of which is equivalent to the relational operator of that name. The closest approximation to relational union is illustrated in Example.
Example: SQL's closest approximation to relational union
SELECT StudentId
FROM IS_CALLED
WHERE Name = 'Devinder'
UNION DISTINCT CORRESPONDING
FROM IS_ENROLLED_ON
WHERE CourseId = 'C1'
The key word DISTINCT is optional and implied by default (somewhat curiously so, considering that its opposite, ALL, is the default option in the SELECT clause). It specifies that no row is to appear more than once in the result. Thus, there is never a need to include DISTINCT in either of the SELECT clauses, and this would be the case even if the WHERE clause were omitted from the specification of the second operand in Example, allowing the same StudentId value to appear more than once in that operand.
The key word CORRESPONDING specifies that operand columns are to be paired by name, just as in relational union.
Effects of NULL for UNIQUE Specification When a UNIQUE specification u for base table t includes a column c that is not subject to a NOT NULL constraint, the appearance of sev
Keyword &Parameter Description: index_name: This is an undeclared identifier which can be referenced only within the FORALL statement and only as the collection subscript
The accuracy of product table data is critical and the Brwebean's. owner wants to have an audit file that contains information regarding all DML activity on the BB_PRODUCT table. T
Parameter and Keyword Description: SQL: This SQL is the name of the implicit SQL cursor. %FOUND: This attribute results TRUE if an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE state
Example of COALESCE operator Example: Give the total of marks for each exam (simplified solution) SELECT CourseId, COALESCE ((SELECT SUM (Mark) FROM EXAM_MARK AS EM
EXIT-WHEN The EXIT-WHEN statement permits a loop to complete conditionally. Whenever the EXIT statement is encountered, the condition in the WHEN clause is computed. When the co
Expression: This is a randomly complex combination of constants, variables, literals, operators, & function calls. The simplest expression consists of a single variable. If th
This is a Customer Management project. Customer data is presented in a text file. The program will load this text data into its DB columns. The data mapping is user definable. User
UTL_FILE: The Package UTL_FILE permits your PL/SQL programs to read & write operating system (OS) text files. It gives a restricted version of the standard OS stream file I/O,
SQL Functions The PL/SQL uses all the SQL functions involving the following aggregate functions that summarize the whole columns of the Oracle data: GROUPING, AVG, COUNT, STDDE
Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!
whatsapp: +91-977-207-8620
Phone: +91-977-207-8620
Email: [email protected]
All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd