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Chemical methods - Purification of organic compounds
Besides these physical methods, few chemical methods have as well been utilized to separate a mixture of organic compounds. These techniques are based on the unique chemical properties of one class of organic compounds from the others one. For instance,
(a) Phenols should be separated from carboxylic acids on treatment along with an aqueous solution of NaHCO3. As carboxylic acids dissolve in NaHCO3 solution evolving CO2 but phenols generally do not react.
(b) Destructive distillation of wood provides pyroligneous acid which consist acetic acid (10%), acetone (0.5%) and methanol (3%). Acetic acid can be separated from this mixture through treating it with milk of lime while acetic acid forms the calcium salt. The reaction mixture on distillation provides a mixture of acetone and methanol (that can be further separated by fractional distillation into individual components as mentioned above) when the calcium salt remains as residue in the flask. The calcium salt is after that decomposed with dil HCl and distilled to afford acetic acid.
(c) A mixture of 1o, 2o and 3o amines might be separated by using either benzenesulphonyl chloride (Hinsberg's reagent) or diethyl oxalate (Hoffmann's method).
Q. Show the Chemical property of matter? A chemical property explains the ability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more other substances. For instance the
Ionic Radii The experimentally calculated anion-cation distances in highly ionic solids have to be interpreted on the assumption that each and every ion has a nearly fixed
(CH3)2CHOH
Q. Can you describe Cream Foams? Cream, with a fat content of at least 30 per cent, can be beaten to form foam. However, it is observed that a cream with 36 per cent fat can be
maximum no of unpaired electrons a)mn2+ b)ti3+ c)v3+ d)fe2+
Styrene rubber (GR-S or Buna-S or SBR or Ameripol): Styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) is prepared by the copolymerization of butadiene (75%) and styrene (25%) in an emulsion styrene
The electronic configuration 1s 2 , 2s 2 , 2p 1 x , 2p 1 z : (1) Oxygen (2) Nitrogen (3) Hydrogen (4) Fluorine Ans: Nitrogen
draw dxy and dx2-dy2 atomic orbitals
Q. What are the physical properties of solids? Ans. Most solids eventually melt when heated. This is because the particles gain enough energy to exceed the attractive for
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS Galvanic and electrolytic cells: The difference between potential of the two metals results in a potential difference (also called a electromotive fo
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