(1) Firstly, consider the changes in employment by sector over the period charted in the figure (1850 - 2000). What factors do you think contributed to the reduction in employment in both agriculture and manufacturing?

Ans: There are many factors including availability of resources, stable government or necessity. But two factors should be considered more closely. These are: automation (technology or the application of 'know how') and management. Generally little changes by itself. There must be a motive force and that force is attributed to management. The result of these factors has been a dramatic rise in productivity.