The supreme court held in the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
a. that scott must be freed under federal law
b. slaves were property unless they moved to a free state
c. states were not allowed to abolish slavery within their borders
d. the freedom of a slave could not be purchased by a black person
e. the missiouri compromise was unconstitutional

In The Pro-Slavery Argument (1837), John C. Calhoun stated that slavery was
a. likely to be adopted by non-slave states within fifty years
b. a " necessary evil"
c. a " positive good"
d. likely to end in the united states within fifty years
e. the " american way of life"

in the mid-1850s, the struggle over kansas saw
a. president franklin pierce oppose pro-slavery settlers in the territory
b. john brown murder several pro-slavery settlers
c. the missouri legislature ban its own citizens from entering kansas
d. federal troops take military control of the region
e. a large antislavery posse sack the proslavery town of lawrence, Kansas