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CARBON, SILICON AND GERMANIUM
With the valence electron configuration s2p2 the nonmetallic group of elements 14 may form compounds with four tetrahedrally directed covalent bonds. Only carbon forms strong and rigid multiple bonds and its compounds define many differences in properties and structure from those of Si and Ge. The metallic elements of the group (Pb and Sn), germanium has some stable and reliable divalent compounds.
The abundances of the elements by weight in the crust are: Si 27% (second only to oxygen), C and Ge Carbon is locating as carbonate minerals and in smaller amounts as the element and in hydrocarbon deposits. It is required in the atmosphere (as the greenhouse gas CO2) and is the major element of nature. Silicate minerals are the dominant chemical compounds of the underlying mantle and of the crust. Germanium is strongly but thinly distributed in silicate and sulfide minerals.
Why a covalent bond is directional? The covalent bond is formed as a result of pairing of two electrons in the atomic orbitals of two atoms. The bond then should lie along the
When the value of azimuthal quantum number is 3, magnetic quantum number can have values: (1) + 1, 0, - 1 (2) + 2, + 1, 0, - 1, - 2 (3) - 3, - 2, - 1, - 0, + 1
A metal surface is exposed to solar radiations: (1) The emitted electrons have energy less than a maximum value of energy depending upon frequency of incident radiations
The isomerim exhibited by the compounds having the same molucular formula but they having different functional groups is called functional group isomerism.For example C 3 H 6 O c
The radius of electron in the first excited state of hydrogen atom is: (1) a 0 (2) 4a 0 (3) 2a 0 (4) 8a o
Nitrenes - Organic Chemistry (1) The nitrogen analogous of carbenes are termed as nitrenes. (2) There is probability of two spin structure for nitrenes depending upon whethe
Given that the solubility product of calcium fluoride in water at 298K is 0.00000000004.Calculate the solubility of this calcium fluoride at this temperature. Assume the Debye-Huck
Give example of Allotropy The element carbon has two common allotropes: diamond, where the carbon atoms are bonded together in a tetrahedral lattice arrangement, and graphite
I''ve got a very difficult assignment due in and I need help!
In the chemical reaction, Al(s) + CuCl2(aq) --> Cu(s) + AlCl3(aq), why did the Copper turn green after being left for a day?
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