Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza

This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.

Clinical signs: There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.

Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.

Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad.


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Name element playing significant role in nitrogen fixation, An element play...

An element playing significant role in nitrogen fixation is : 1.  Molybdenum 2. Copper 3. Manganese 4. Zinc An element playing significant role in nitrogen fixation

Procedure - separation of amino acid by paper chromatography, Explain Proce...

Explain Procedure for Separation of Amino Acids by Paper Chromatography? Now carry out the procedure following the steps given herewith: 1. Take a circular Whatman No 1 filt

What is glycolysis in cell metabolism, What is Glycolysis in Cell Metabolis...

What is Glycolysis in Cell Metabolism? Glycolysis :  is the process that breaks down glucose into pyruvate and energy. Glycolysis does not require the presence of oxygen and

Develop a hypothesis relating to the amount, Develop a hypothesis relating ...

Develop a hypothesis relating to the amount of dissolved oxygen measured in the water sample and the number of fish observed in the body of water.

What are the proportions of gametes, An organism having the genotype AaBbCc...

An organism having the genotype AaBbCcDdEe is self-fertilized. What are the proportions of gametes that are expected to carry only dominant alleles?

Physical stress - temperature, Physical Stress - Temperature We are mo...

Physical Stress - Temperature We are most familiar with the plants and other organisms that live at temperatures close to the temperature range in which we are adapted to live

Radiographic imaging, R a d i o g raphic imaging: ...

R a d i o g raphic imaging: Radiology has been in use since the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895. Until 1980s, radiography was the

Define drug effects on carbohydrate metabolism, Define drug effects on Carb...

Define drug effects on Carbohydrate metabolism? Carbohydrate metabolism: Hypoglycemic drugs such as insulin and sulphonylureas are prescribed because of their ability to increa

What is hmp pathway, What is HMP pathway? Give any two points of its signif...

What is HMP pathway? Give any two points of its significance The HMP  is an alternate oxidative pathway for the metabolism of glucose. The significance of the pathway  is that

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd