Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza

This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.

Clinical signs: There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.

Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.

Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad.


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

Which cell count elevates in case of allergy or plastic worm, Which cell co...

Which cell count is likely to be elevated when an individual has an allergy or parasitic worms? a) Red blood cells b) Erythrocyte c) Eosinophil (pron: e-o-sin-o-fill)

Chemical reaction to unite amino acids liberate, Q. Does the chemical react...

Q. Does the chemical reaction to unite amino acids liberate or incorporate atoms? What are the chemical entities liberated or incorporated in this reaction? The union of amin

Describe the structure of alginate, Describe the structure of alginate ...

Describe the structure of alginate The commercially available alginates are white to cream coloured powders. 1% alginic acid solution gives a pH value of 2.9 while it is 2.3 an

What is oligosaccharides , Oligosaccharides are short chains of m...

Oligosaccharides are short chains of monosaccharides linked together by glycosidic bonds. In case of oligosaccharides  linked to proteins (glycoproteins)  or lipids (glycolipids) o

Write the meaning of dsme, Q. Write the meaning of DSME? Generally, it ...

Q. Write the meaning of DSME? Generally, it is observed that soon after being diagnosed with diabetes, the patient gets worried or get depressed. This is a stage where the pati

Comparison of cabg and angioplasty, Comparison of CABG and Angioplasty : ...

Comparison of CABG and Angioplasty :  Results of six major randomized clinical trials of multi vessel angioplasty Vs CABG are now available. The main conclusions are: Patient

What are the fruiting bodies present in some fungi, What are the fruiting b...

What are the fruiting bodies present in some fungi? Fruiting bodies are structures made of hyphae that project radially from the superior portion of the peduncle of some fungi.

Can you explain bauhin binomial system, Q. Can you explain Bauhin? We g...

Q. Can you explain Bauhin? We got the first reference of binary use of species name in Pinax (1623), a publication of a Swiss physician and botanist Casper Bauhin (1560-1624).

Explain implant mobility and discomfort - implant interface, Implant Mobili...

Implant Mobility and Discomfort Implant mobility is an indication of the lack of osseointegration. Even if periimplant disease has progressed relatively far, implants may still

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd