Bovine parainfluenza, Biology

Assignment Help:

Bovine parainfluenza

This virus belongs to the genus Respirovirus in the subfamily Paramyxovirinae of family Paramyxoviridae. It causes respiratory syndrome in cattle and sheep affecting large number of animals especially in intensive breeding units. In young animals, the disease is marked by fever, lachrymation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. Affliction of the respiratory system by this virus predisposes to secondary bacterial invasion, especially by Pasteurella haemolytica. The disease is also known as 'shipping fever'.

Clinical signs: There is lacrimation, serous nasal discharge, depression, dyspnoea and coughing. The animals may recover in 3-4 days, or may develop secondary bacterial infection with purulent nasal discharge.

Diagnosis: The disease is diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs subject to the laboratory confirmation by haemagglutination inhibition, immuno- fluorescence and cell culture virus neutralization tests. Virus can be recovered from the nasal discharge for 7 to 9 days after infection and isolated in bovine cell cultures. For a sero-survey, paired serum samples are collected and processed for detecting antibodies. A 4-fold rise in antibody titre is suggestive of recent infection.

Prevention and control: Several attenuated virus vaccines are able to induce protective mucosal IgA antibodies. Combined vaccine containing infectious bovine rhinotrachitis, bovine adenovirus and bovine viral diahorrea have been used abroad.


Related Discussions:- Bovine parainfluenza

What an enzyme is called, The substance that is worked on by an enzyme is c...

The substance that is worked on by an enzyme is called: a. product b. coenzyme c. substrate d. inhibitor

What are the tupes of aortic aneurysm surgery, What are the tupes of Aortic...

What are the tupes of Aortic Aneurysm Surgery? Types of Surgery :  Technique of surgery and the approach depends on the site of thoracic or thoraco abdominal aortic aneuiysm.

What is the spinal cord, What is the spinal cord? Of which elements is the ...

What is the spinal cord? Of which elements is the spinal cord constituted? The spinal cord is the dorsal neural cord of vertebrates. It is the kind of the central nervous syste

Prevention and community action - psychoactive substance, Prevention and Co...

Prevention and Community Action: A number of  preventive action are necessary. Alcohol prevention programmes can have major effects on alcohol problem rates, and can influence

Explain the importance of cellulose, Importance of cellulose About one ...

Importance of cellulose About one third of the world's production of  purified cellulose is  used as the base material for a number of water-soluble derivatives with predesigne

Explain the assessing and monitoring of peri-implant, Explain the assessing...

Explain the assessing and monitoring of peri-implant The parameters used for assessing and monitoring the peri-implant conditions need to be understood and applied judiciously

Human imapct on the environment, list the long-term and short-term effects ...

list the long-term and short-term effects of forest destruction (a)on hillsides,(b)in the tropics?

What is a monohybrid cross, A monohybrid cross: A.Determines the genetic ma...

A monohybrid cross: A.Determines the genetic makeup of an organism B.always involves homozygous alleles. C.always involves organisms that are heterozygous at all loci. D.Always inv

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd