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In OSI 7 layer model, a header, or possibly a trailer, can be added to the data unit at each layerI 7 layer, but we will define a simple virtual packet which contains only 8bit data value without any header and trailer
Each packet contains one pixel information of the lenna256 image. We defined the 3 structures in "CPacketStruct.h" to express a packet as bit stream. Left structure is defined for bit stream for error detection code and right structure is defined for bit stream for error correction code. There is additional bit stream without any code, and the data structure of bit stream with no code is same as the Packet structure in "CPacketStruct.h"
typedef struct {
BIT dat1[5];
BIT dat2[5];
} EDBitStream;
BIT dat1[7];
BIT dat2[7];
} ECBitStream;
Fig. Bit stream structure
One pixel data is represented with 8 digits, and each 4 digits are divided into dat1, and dat2. In bit streams for error detection
Ex) 1 Pixel data = 100010012
Normal Packet
(Packet is not encoded)
Encoded Packet by Parity Bit
Encoded Packet by hamming code
[1000 1001]
[Pixel Data ]
[10001 10010 ]
[ (1000)+Parity || (1001) +Parity ]
[1101000 0111001 ]
[ (1000)* G || (1001) * G ]
In Packet structure,
NCBitStream
In EDBitStream Structure
In ECBitStream Structure
DNS ID hacking The Dns use ID system in order to keep track of each every request and replies. In order to spoof the DNS’s response, the hacker needs to do ID Hacking. In orde
Can you define the WAN and LAN Interface in Routers?
Recognize the command to show the hardware platform information Ans) Show version is the command to show the hardware platform information
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What are the important topologies for networks? BUS topology: In this every computer is directly linked to primary network cable in a single line. Advantages: Inexpensive,
Single company or organization owns this. They are usually LAN technologies. There can be multiple LANs in a campus or building linked together. They are sometimes known Intranet.
What are some drawbacks of implementing a ring topology? In case one workstation on the network varies a malfunction, it can bring down the whole network. Another drawback is t
Router# reload is the command to reload the router
Can you explain LAC and LNS?
Multi Tasking Environment Multi tasking exploits parallelism by: 1) Concurrently using the multiple functional units 2) Pipelining functional units are pipe line toget
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