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In OSI 7 layer model, a header, or possibly a trailer, can be added to the data unit at each layerI 7 layer, but we will define a simple virtual packet which contains only 8bit data value without any header and trailer
Each packet contains one pixel information of the lenna256 image. We defined the 3 structures in "CPacketStruct.h" to express a packet as bit stream. Left structure is defined for bit stream for error detection code and right structure is defined for bit stream for error correction code. There is additional bit stream without any code, and the data structure of bit stream with no code is same as the Packet structure in "CPacketStruct.h"
typedef struct {
BIT dat1[5];
BIT dat2[5];
} EDBitStream;
BIT dat1[7];
BIT dat2[7];
} ECBitStream;
Fig. Bit stream structure
One pixel data is represented with 8 digits, and each 4 digits are divided into dat1, and dat2. In bit streams for error detection
Ex) 1 Pixel data = 100010012
Normal Packet
(Packet is not encoded)
Encoded Packet by Parity Bit
Encoded Packet by hamming code
[1000 1001]
[Pixel Data ]
[10001 10010 ]
[ (1000)+Parity || (1001) +Parity ]
[1101000 0111001 ]
[ (1000)* G || (1001) * G ]
In Packet structure,
NCBitStream
In EDBitStream Structure
In ECBitStream Structure
At the Physical layer of the OSI model Repeaters work by regenerating the signal to extend the distance it can travel.
Q. Define the Backbone Networks? Backbone Networks - Allows several LANs to be connected - Non of station is directly connected to the backbone - Stations are part
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Q. Presentation layer of osi reference model? - The presentation layer makes sure that the information that the application layer of one system sends out is readable by the app
Configure basic switch parameters. Configure the S1, S2, and S3 switches according to the following guidelines: Configure the switch hostname. Disable DNS lookup.
what is a WAN
Which layers are user support layers? Three layers are come under user support layer:- a. Session Layer b. Presentation Layer and c. Application Layer
Question: (a) Distinguish between UDP and TCP. (b) You have been asked to design and implement a chat application for a university. Which protocol could you used TCP or UDP
In collective message passing, all the processes of a set participate in communication. MPI gives a number of functions to execute the collective message passing. Some of them are
explain Learning Bridges in deatil.
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