Binary codes, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Binary Codes:

We have seen earlier that digital computers use signals that have two distinct values and there exists a direct analogy between binary signals and binary digits. Computers not only manipulate numbers but also other discrete elements of information. The distinct discrete quantities can be represented by a group of binary digits (known as bits). For example, to represent two different quantities uniquely two symbols are sufficient and hence one binary digit (either 0 or 1) will be sufficient to uniquely represent the two symbols. But one bit will not suffice if one has  to represent more than two quantities. In those cases more than one bits are required, i.e. the bits have to used repeatedly. For example if we have to give unique codes for three distinct items we need at least 2 bits. With two bits we can have codes 00, 01, 10 and 11. Out of this we can use first three to assign unique codes to three distinct quantities and leave the fourth one unused. In general, an n-bit binary code can be used to represent 2n  distinct quantities. Thus group of two bits can represent four distinct quantities through unique symbols 00, 01, 10 & 11. Three bits can be used to represent eight distinct quantities by unique symbols 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 & 111. In other words, to assign unique codes to m distinct items we need at least n bit code such that 2n >= m.   

Digital computers use binary codes to represent all kinds of information ranging from numbers to alphabets. Whether we have to input an alphabet, a number or a punctuation symbol; we need to convey it to machine through a unique code for each item. Thus, the instruction to be performed by the CPU and the input data which form the operands of the instruction are represented using a binary code system. A typical machine instruction in a digital computer system could therefore look like a set of 0s and 1s. Many binary codes are used in digital systems. BCD code for representing decimal numbers, ASCII code for information interchange between computer and keyboard, Unicode for use over Internet and Reflected (Gray) code are some commonly studied binary code systems.   


Related Discussions:- Binary codes

What is vpn? list the different types of vpn, Question 1 What is routing? ...

Question 1 What is routing? Explain the principles of routing Question 2 Explain different types of server operations in Enterprise Networking Question 3 Briefly d

Explain the components of it infrastructure, Question 1 Explain in detail ...

Question 1 Explain in detail the different modes of Transportation Question 2 State the meaning of Distribution Strategies. Discuss the different Distribution Strategies

Array, An array A is said to be special if all its elements are same. Given...

An array A is said to be special if all its elements are same. Given an array, your task is to convert the array to special array by performing some operations. The allowed operati

Handling Text Files, I. Write an application that accomplishes the followin...

I. Write an application that accomplishes the following tasks: 1. Read a text file that contains, integers, doubles, alphabet, alphanumeric, and others. The name of the input fil

Briefly explain html and xml, Question 1 Briefly explain principles of eff...

Question 1 Briefly explain principles of effective navigation Question 2 Explain the terms URI and URL. Why should you use Relative URI? Question 3 What are the di

Design Buffer Last-in First-out, i want design circuit this Buffer(LIFO).pl...

i want design circuit this Buffer(LIFO).please help me

Block diagram of computer, Input unit: These are used to read data and tran...

Input unit: These are used to read data and transfer to primary memory contained in CPU through keyboard or floppy disk or mouse etc. Central Processing Unit (CPU): This consists o

Disadvantages of manual records, Disadvantages of Manual Records  ...

Disadvantages of Manual Records  More manpower is required to record/storelretrieve the data.   Bulky paper records take up more space and this problem increases with

Fuction to delete a record in phone book in c, function to delete a telepho...

function to delete a telephone book record in c programing using struct and objects...?

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd