Binary codes, Basic Computer Science

Assignment Help:

Binary Codes:

We have seen earlier that digital computers use signals that have two distinct values and there exists a direct analogy between binary signals and binary digits. Computers not only manipulate numbers but also other discrete elements of information. The distinct discrete quantities can be represented by a group of binary digits (known as bits). For example, to represent two different quantities uniquely two symbols are sufficient and hence one binary digit (either 0 or 1) will be sufficient to uniquely represent the two symbols. But one bit will not suffice if one has  to represent more than two quantities. In those cases more than one bits are required, i.e. the bits have to used repeatedly. For example if we have to give unique codes for three distinct items we need at least 2 bits. With two bits we can have codes 00, 01, 10 and 11. Out of this we can use first three to assign unique codes to three distinct quantities and leave the fourth one unused. In general, an n-bit binary code can be used to represent 2n  distinct quantities. Thus group of two bits can represent four distinct quantities through unique symbols 00, 01, 10 & 11. Three bits can be used to represent eight distinct quantities by unique symbols 000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 & 111. In other words, to assign unique codes to m distinct items we need at least n bit code such that 2n >= m.   

Digital computers use binary codes to represent all kinds of information ranging from numbers to alphabets. Whether we have to input an alphabet, a number or a punctuation symbol; we need to convey it to machine through a unique code for each item. Thus, the instruction to be performed by the CPU and the input data which form the operands of the instruction are represented using a binary code system. A typical machine instruction in a digital computer system could therefore look like a set of 0s and 1s. Many binary codes are used in digital systems. BCD code for representing decimal numbers, ASCII code for information interchange between computer and keyboard, Unicode for use over Internet and Reflected (Gray) code are some commonly studied binary code systems.   


Related Discussions:- Binary codes

Cisc, two characteristics og CISC architecture?

two characteristics og CISC architecture?

Z80 CPU STATUS FLAGS, function of each status flags Z80 status flags

function of each status flags Z80 status flags

Printers, Printers: Printers: Printers exist in a variety of forms:  ...

Printers: Printers: Printers exist in a variety of forms:  Line Printers: These have been widely used for many years in large computer installations. They are design

Define procedure of Building Assembler programs, In order to be able to mak...

In order to be able to make a program, quite a lot of tools are needed: Earliest an editor is used to create the source program. Next a compiler, which is nothing more than a progr

Describe what are system software and application software, Problem: (a...

Problem: (a) Using appropriate examples describe what are System software and Application Software. (b) Explain four tasks of file management a user frequently performs i

Telephobn directory, #que1) Create telephone directory. • The heading shoul...

#que1) Create telephone directory. • The heading should be 16-point Arial font in bold • The rest of the document should use 10-point font size • Other headings should use 10-point

Cipher program in java, Cryptography, the study of secret writing, has been...

Cryptography, the study of secret writing, has been around for a very long time, from simplistic techniques to sophisticated mathematical techniques. No matter what the form howeve

Meaning of primary data, Problem 1 Research designs have a critical and...

Problem 1 Research designs have a critical and directive role to play in the research process. Explain the meaning of research design. Describe the various types of research de

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd