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B-trees are special m-ary balanced trees utilized in databases since their structure allows records to be added, deleted & retrieved with guaranteed worst case performance.
A B-Tree is a special multiway tree. In a B-Tree each of nodes may contain a large number of keys. The number of subtrees of each of node may also be large. A B-Tree is designed to branch out in this great number of directions and to contain many keys in each node so that height of the tree is comparatively small.
It means that only a small number of nodes have to be read from disk to retrieve an item.
A B-Tree of order m is multiway search tree of order m such as
struct btree
{ int count; // number of keys stored into the current node
item_type key[3]; // array to hold 3 keys
long branch [4]; // array of fake pointers (records numbers)
};
Figure depicts an order 5 B-tree.
Figure: A B-tree of order 5
Tree is dynamic data structures. Trees can expand & contract as the program executes and are implemented via pointers. A tree deallocates memory whereas an element is deleted.
Sort the following array of elements using quick sort: 3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2, 6, 5, 3, 5, 8.
How does operations like insertion, deletion occur?
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