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B-trees are special m-ary balanced trees utilized in databases since their structure allows records to be added, deleted & retrieved with guaranteed worst case performance.
A B-Tree is a special multiway tree. In a B-Tree each of nodes may contain a large number of keys. The number of subtrees of each of node may also be large. A B-Tree is designed to branch out in this great number of directions and to contain many keys in each node so that height of the tree is comparatively small.
It means that only a small number of nodes have to be read from disk to retrieve an item.
A B-Tree of order m is multiway search tree of order m such as
struct btree
{ int count; // number of keys stored into the current node
item_type key[3]; // array to hold 3 keys
long branch [4]; // array of fake pointers (records numbers)
};
Figure depicts an order 5 B-tree.
Figure: A B-tree of order 5
Example: (Double left rotation while a new node is added into the AVL tree (RL rotation)) Figure: Double left rotation when a new node is inserted into the AVL tree A
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