Artificial Intelligence research:

Artificial Intelligence research may be describe  in terms of how the following question has been answered:

"How are we going to get a computer to perform intelligent tasks?" One way to answer the question is to say that:

• Logic creates a science out of different forms of reasoning, which play their part in intelligence. So, let's create our programs as implementations of logical theories.

This has going to use of logic - drawing on philosophy and mathematics - in a big deal of AI research.  This  means  that  we  may  be  very  specific  about  the algorithms we implement, write our programs in very clear and neat  ways using logic programming languages, and even prove the  things regarding  the programs we produce.

However, when it's theoretically possible to do sure intelligent things (such as prove some simple mathematics theorems) with programs depend on logic alone, such methods are held back by the very big search spaces involved. People started to think about heuristics - rules of thumb - which they could use to enable their programs to get task done in a sensible time. They answered any question like this: ·         We're not sure that humans reason with perfect logic all the time, but we are certainly intelligent. So, let's use introspection and tell our AI programs how to think like us.

In answering this question, AI researchers started building expert systems, which encapsulated factual, procedural and heuristic knowledge about particular domains.