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Aerotolerant anaerobes are incapable of aerobic respiration, but can nevertheless grow in the presence of air. Many lactic acid bacteria fall into this category. They can only generate energy by fermentation and lack both catalase and superoxide dismutase, but are able to grow in the presence of oxygen because they have a mechanism for destroying superoxide. Microorganisms affect the Eh of their environment during growth. This is true especially of aerobes, which can lower the Eh of their environment while anaerobes cannot. As aerobes grow, oxygen in the medium is depleted, resulting in the lowering of Eh. Growth is not slowed, however, due to the ability of cells to make use of oxygen donating or hydrogen-accepting substances in the medium. The result of this is that the medium becomes poorer in oxidizing and richer in reducing substances. Microorganisms canreduce the Eh of a medium by their production of certain metabolic by-products such as hydrogen sulphide, which has the capacity to lower Eh to -300 mv.
What is the function of the citric acid cycle? The hnction ofthe citric acid cycle can be discussed as follows. The intermediates of citric acid cycle are used as precursor
Homologous series A homologous series can be illustrated as a group of compounds in which the several members have similar structural features and identical chemical propertie
CEL L THEORY Proposed by Mathias Jacob Schleiden, 1838 (Jerman Botanist), Theodore Schwann, 1839 (Jerman Zoologist) It consists of 5 fundamental facts - (i) Body of livi
Middle piece - Structure of the Sperm Just behind the head, the small constriction (neck) carries a distal and a proximal centriole. The two lie at right angle to each other.
Q. Concerning the thickness of their walls how different are the heart chambers? The ventricle walls are thicker than the atrium walls since ventricles are structures responsib
Indications For Surgery : The normal aortic valve area in the adult is about 3-4 cm2. Significant symptoms occur when the valve area is seduced to 1/4"' the normal area
Explain the term Light reflex - Neuronal pathways The neuronal pathway for light reflex can be afferent and efferent. In the afferent pathway, the pupillary fibres begin in the
what are the importance in studying animal tissues?
Q. Which are the beings that form the kingdom Fungi? The kingdom Fungi is created by fungi. Q. Which are the beings that form the kingdom Plantae? Are algae parts of this k
Q. Write the meaning of insulin? Insulin is a hormone. And like many hormones, insulin is a protein. Insulin is secreted by groups of cells within the pancreas called islet cel
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