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Question 1 of 5 Why does SRP arrest translation after it binds to the signal sequence and only the first 70 amino acids of the protein have been synthesized? A. Most secretory proteins are only 70 amino acids long (7 kDa) so translation is completed by the time SRP binds. B. SRP arrests translation to allow the exposed signal sequence to be cleaved from the protein before it enters the translocon. C. SRP arrests translation so the signal sequence is not misfolded within the interior of the protein. D. SRP does not arrest translation. The SRP receptor arrests translation after SRP docks the ribosome and newly synthesized protein on the ER. Question 2 of 5 What is the purpose of GTP hydrolysis when SRP binds to the SRP receptor? A. It's a source of energy to allow protein synthesis to resume. B. It causes SRP to dissociate from the signal sequence, ribosome and SRP receptor. C. It "hands off" the ribosome to the translocon D. (a) & (b) E. (b) & (c) Question 3 of 5 How does a single P54SRP bind to diverse ER signal sequences that do not have identical amino acid sequences? A. Multiple D & E on P54SRP form electrostatic bonds with "core" K & R present on all signal sequences. B. Multiple K & R on P54SRP form electrostatic bonds with "core" D & E present on all signal sequences. C. Multiple polar amino acids on P54SRP form hydrogen bonds with "core" polar amino acids present on all signal sequences. D. Cells have multiple isoforms of P54SRP that interact specifically with distinct ER signal sequences. E. Multiple hydrophobic amino acids on P54SRP form van der Waals interactions with "core" hydrophobic amino acids present on all signal sequences. Question 4 of 5 The membrane spanning α-helix of a type I integral membrane protein such as the LDL receptor or Glycophorin A: A. Is referred to as an "internal signal anchor" and ensures that the N-terminal portion of the protein that precedes it will be inserted into the ER lumen and the C-terminal portion of the protein that follows it will remain in the cytosol. B. Is referred to as an "internal signal anchor" and ensures that the N-terminal portion of the protein that precedes it will remain in the cytosol and the C-terminal portion of the protein that follows it will be inserted into the ER lumen. C. Is referred to as an "stop-transfer anchor" and ensures that the N-terminal portion of the protein that precedes it will be inserted into the ER lumen and the C-terminal portion of the protein that follows it will remain in the cytosol. D. Is referred to as an "stop-transfer anchor" and ensures that the N-terminal portion of the protein that precedes it will remain in the cytosol and the C-terminal portion of the protein that follows it will be inserted into the ER lumen. Question 5 of 5 You're studying the Na+/K+ ATPase in a certain cell line. (Remember, it's present in virtually all cells so the particular cell type doesn't matter here). You have 4 samples of these cells that have identical #s of Na+/K+ ATPases. Sample 1 are the control cells that are not treated with anything. They retain 100% Na+/K+ ATPase activity throughout the experiment. Sample 2 is treated continuously with a sufficiently high dose of the cardiac glycoside oubain that you see 100% inhibition of Na+/K+ ATPase activity 6 hours later in the oubain treated cells. 100% Na+/K+ ATPase activity is still inhibited 12 hours later. Sample 3 is treated continuously with a sufficiently high dose of an siRNA that completely degrades the mRNA encoding the α subunit of the Na+/K+ ATPase in less than 30 minutes. However, you observe that only 50% of Na+/K+ ATPase activity is inhibited 6 hours later in the siRNA-treated cells even though all the α subunit mRNA has been degraded. Only 25% of Na+/K+ ATPase activity remains 12 hrs after siRNA treatment. Sample 4 is treated continuously with a sufficiently high dose of the general protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. However, you observe that only 50% of Na+/K+ ATPase activity is inhibited 6 hours later in the cycloheximide-treated cells even though all protein synthesis has been inhibited. Only 25% of Na+/K+ ATPase activity remains 12 hrs after cycloheximide treatment. What can you conclude from this experiment? A. siRNA and cycloheximide only partially inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase activity. B. oubain completely inhibits both Na+/K+ ATPase activity and its synthesis. C. Oubain completely inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase synthesis but not its activity. D. The half-life of the α subunit protein is 6 hrs. E. You cannot conclude anything from this experiment.
Describe what you understand about the cell cycle. differentiate between normal and early embryonic cell cycle
Pulse-chase experiments were vital for showing that RNA acts as an information-transfer intermediary between DNA and protein. Describe the basic steps of a pulse-chase experiment and explain how the results suggested that RNA is the intermediate.
Explain why DNA is the most favorable molecule for genetic material and how RNA compares to it in this respect.
Gene expression in prokaryotes involve the following except.
At a talk by a visiting scientist, you learn about a strain of bakers' yeast that contains a mutation called gal1- in its galactokinase gene. Because this gene is needed to metabolize galactose, the mutant strain cannot grow in galactose medium.
What are the ementary bodies and how do they look under fluorescent microscope?
Describe the factors that are involved in the regulation of respiration in a child who decides to hold his/her breath for as long as possible.
Actions of the biceps brachii muscle include: supination of the forearm, Flexion of the shoulder, Flexion of the elbow.
The biggest nutrition campaign of the last thrity years has been to eliminate fat from our diets. Explain why Pollan asserts that was a bad idea. Also describe the consequences of switching from the fats at the top of the food pyramid to the carbo..
Suggest a suitable buffer range for each of the following substances.
suppose pure line lima bean plants having green pods were crossed with pure line plants having yellow pods. If all the F1 plants had green pods, and were allowed to interbreed, 580 F2 plants, 435 with green pods, and 145 with yellow pods would be ..
The single channel current for a sodium channel is 6.4 pA, how many ions flow through the channel in 0.5 msec? Faraday constant = 96500 coulombs each mol.
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