Reference no: EM133453837

Question

1. Sophia and Olivia are 12-year-old identical twins. They have not yet experienced their menarche. They have both developed some secondary sex characteristics about the same time. Their mother had her menarche at age 13. The girls expect to experience their menarche at about the same time as each other due to their ______.

a) melatonin release

b) 100% shared DNA

c) 50% shared DNA

d) contextual factors

2. A pair of fraternal twins in high school are experiencing puberty later than their peers. Which outcome is most probably related to pubertal timing?

a) Isais, the boy fraternal twin, is engaging in high-risk behaviors.

b) Isais, the boy fraternal twin, was not popular in middle school.

c) Tia, the girl twin, is experiencing depression.

d) Tia, the girl twin, may have experienced adolescent dating abuse.

3. Susan is 13 years old but she looks a lot like her new 16-year-old friends. She has a boyfriend and attends high school events with her older friends. Susan's parents are concerned about her because ______.

a) late-maturing girls experience higher rates of anxiety and depression

b) relative to other girls her age she has a higher risk for problematic drinking

c) abusing drugs causes girls to experience menarche sooner

d) she is experiencing late maturation

4. Ryan, a 15-year-old boy, is the smallest boy in his high school class. His voice still hasn't dropped much and his musculature has not developed. He wants to play sports but usually does not make the team. He really likes a girl in his English class, but she usually only looks at the much taller and larger boys. He has started to find himself more and more anxious and depressed due to his ______.

a) late maturation

b) on-time maturation

c) early maturation

d) peer maturation

5. Alyson, a 13-year-old girl, is an early maturer. Her body development is on the same pace as most of the 16-year-old girls in her neighborhood. After school, her peer group tends to be older girls and boys. The inclusion of a lot of older boys into her peer group puts Alyson at risk for ______.

a) obesity

b) peer rejection

c) delayed phase preference

d) dating violence

6. Which factor is associated with poor sleep in adolescence?

a) prepubertal growth

b) leptin

c) depression

d) menarche

7. Adolescents in Western countries such as the United States and Germany typically ______.

a) supplement sleep with melatonin capsules

b) get more than 9 hr of sleep per night

c) get less than 9 hr of sleep per night

d) sleep too long which results in more fatigue

8. Which rate of maturation results in the greatest challenges to adaptation?

a) maturing before peers

b) boys maturing before girls

c) maturing after peers

d) maturing at the same rate as other peers

9. Which part of the body stimulates the sex glands to mature, enlarge, and produce their own hormones?

a) gonads

b) pituitary gland

c) melatonin

d) hypothalamus

10. The delayed phase preference is triggered by a change in the release of ______.

a) kisspeptin

b) estrogen

c) leptin

d) melatonin